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The Effect of Waning on Antibody Levels and Memory B Cell Recall following SARS-CoV-2 Infection or Vaccination.
Forgacs, David; Silva-Moraes, Vanessa; Sautto, Giuseppe A; Hanley, Hannah B; Gattiker, Jasper L; Jefferson, Alexandria M; Kolhe, Ravindra; Ross, Ted M.
  • Forgacs D; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
  • Silva-Moraes V; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
  • Sautto GA; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
  • Hanley HB; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
  • Gattiker JL; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
  • Jefferson AM; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
  • Kolhe R; Department of Pathology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912, USA.
  • Ross TM; Center for Vaccines and Immunology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30605, USA.
Vaccines (Basel) ; 10(5)2022 Apr 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1820436
ABSTRACT
In order to longitudinally track SARS-CoV-2 antibody levels after vaccination or infection, we assessed anti-RBD antibody levels in over 1000 people and found no significant decrease in antibody levels during the first 14 months after infection in unvaccinated participants, however, a significant waning of antibody levels was observed following vaccination. Participants who were pre-immune to SARS-CoV-2 prior to vaccination seroconverted to higher antibody levels, which were maintained at higher levels than in previously infected, unvaccinated participants. Older participants exhibited lower level of antibodies after vaccination, but a higher level after infection than younger people. The rate of antibody waning was not affected by pre-immunity or age. Participants who received a third dose of an mRNA vaccine not only increased their antibody levels ~14-fold, but also had ~3 times more antibodies compared to when they received their primary vaccine series. PBMC-derived memory B cells from 13 participants who lost all circulating antibodies were differentiated into antibody secreting cells (ASCs). There was a significant recall of memory B cell ASCs in the absence of serum antibodies in 5-8 of the 10 vaccinated participants, but not in any of the 3 infected participants, suggesting a strong connection between antibody levels and the effectiveness of memory B cell recall.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies Topics: Vaccines Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Vaccines10050696

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Experimental Studies Topics: Vaccines Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Vaccines10050696