Development and validation of capillary zone electrophoresis and high-performance liquid chromatography methods for the determination of oral anticoagulant edoxaban in pharmaceutical tablets.

ABSTRACT

The incidence of thrombotic complications in SARS-CoV-2 infections has become a global concern; thus, anticoagulants are an integral part of the treatment. Edoxaban (EDX) is an oral anticoagulant suitable for pharmacologic thromboprophylaxis. Herein, two novel analytical methods for EDX determination in tablets are developed and validated using capillary zone electrophoresis (CZE) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Operating conditions such as the electrolyte's concentration and pH value, injection time, volume, and the capillary temperature, were optimized. The methods were successfully validated by establishing the linearity, intra- and inter-day precisions (relative standard deviation [%]), accuracy, and robustness. Adequate separation of excipients and degradation products of EDX generated by stress degradation conditions demonstrated the stability-indicating capability of the methods. The analytical procedures were linear in the range of 25-125 µg/ml (r > 0.999), with the limits of detection and quantification of 3.26 and 10.87 µg/ml for CZE and 0.740 and 2.78 µg/ml for HPLC. Although both methodologies are suitable for determining EDX in tablets, CZE provides a greener alternative due to low-cost analysis using less organic solvents and minimizing waste generation.