Analytical methods for Ebola virus detection

ABSTRACT

Ebola virus (EBOV) outbreaks have been reported to be the most severe mortally recurrent illness due to a lack of timely diagnosis and medication. EBOV disease is a severe syndrome of hemorrhagic viral fever caused by the EBOV, is spread directly in contact with infected body fluids and virus-contaminated or animal-affected objects. Individuals typically die before antibody response at the point of fatal EBOV infection. Currently, prognosis includes a combination of case identification and lab tests, typically real-time PCR or reverse transcription to diagnose viral RNA or rapid immunoassay-based detection methods to identify EBOV antigens. Moreover, few nanotech-based ways have lately been identified to diagnose the Ebola virus. Optical monitoring, in particular, permits fluorescence molecules to be recognized with the naked eye or fluorometers. Also, electrochemical identification methods (either amperometry, potentiometric, or impedimetric) could provide a susceptible system utilizing disposable lab on chips. Furthermore, the electrochemical devices may be easily miniaturized using a hand-held potentiostat, eliminating the need for complicated diagnostic tools. Advances in technology have also been coupled with growing attempts to improve the capacity for decentralized diagnostic identification that can be used near the patient care level. Infectious illness outbreaks can be contained more easily with timely identification and treatment optimization. Currently, technical advancements in artificial intelligence (AI) and the internet of medical things(IoMT) are being used to assist such POCT. Therefore, IoMT provides wireless-based operation & interconnection of POCT devices to health experts & medical care centers. POCT systems with IoMT can bridge the gap between bioinformatics generation, quick analysis & clinical validation. An optimal IoMT-POCT will aid in determining the development of the disease, making treatment recommendations, and assessing prescribed therapy's efficiency. This review illustrates some conventional strategies for diagnosing Ebola & advocates for a fast, accurate, and responsive point of care identification of EBOV for massive health care.