[Association of comorbidities and symptomatic infection and multisystemic inflammatory syndrome due to SARS-CoV-2 in children]. / Asociación de comorbilidades con infección sintomática y síndrome inflamatorio multisistémico por SARS-CoV-2 en niños.

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: In children, infection by the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) usually occurs asymptomatic or with mild clinical data, only a minor proportion have severe symptoms or a set of post-infectious signs and symptoms described as Pediatric Inflammatory Multisystemic Syndrome (PIMS). AIM: To describe the association of comorbidities with symptomatic infection and PIMS due to SARS-CoV-2 in children. METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study, pediatric patients hospitalized were included. Active infection was diagnosed by polymerase chain reaction and/or antigenic tests. Patients with PIMS were identified by the definition proposed by the World Health Organization. RESULTS: 375 patients were studied, the median age was 3.8 years. 47.7% (n 179) had comorbidities, the most frequent were solid neoplasms and/or hematological diseases 17.1% (n 64), obesity 13.3% (n 48) and chronic pneumopathies 9, 3% (n 35). SARS-CoV-2 infection was present in 16.5% (n 62/375) and PIMS in 10.4% (n. 39/375). Children with obesity showed a higher risk of infection (OR 2.21, 95% CI 1.05-4.6) and in those with cancer (OR 0.15, 95% CI 0.03-0.68) the PIMS risk was lower. CONCLUSIONS: The presence of comorbidities modifies the risk of infection by SARS-CoV-2 and PIMS.