Animal bite wounds and their management in tropical Australia.
Int J Infect Dis
; 118: 1-9, 2022 May.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1838845
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:
To define the microbiologic characteristics of animal bites in tropical Australia and the appropriateness of current Australian antimicrobial guidelines for their management.METHODS:
This retrospective audit examined hospitalizations in tropical Australia after an animal bite or animal-associated penetrating injury between 2013 and 2020. The primary outcome was a composite of death, intensive care unit admission, amputation, quaternary center transfer, or unplanned rehospitalization.RESULTS:
A wide variety of animals were implicated, but snakes (734/1745, 42%), dogs (508/1745, 29%), and cats (153/1745, 9%) were the most common. Hospital presentation after 24 hours (odds ratio (OR) (95% confidence interval (CI)) 68.67 (42.10-112.01)) and a cat-related injury (OR (95% CI) 22.20 (11.18-44.08)) were independently associated with an increased risk of infection. A pathogen not covered by the relevant antimicrobial regimen recommended in Australian guidelines was identified in only 12/1745 (0.7%) cases. The primary outcome occurred in 107/1745 (6%) and was independently associated with tissue trauma (OR (95% CI) 9.29 (6.05-14.25), p<0.001), established deep infection at presentation (OR (95% CI) 2.95 (1.31-6.61), p=0.009) and hospital presentation after 24 hours (OR (95% CI) 1.77 (1.12-2.79), p=0.01).CONCLUSIONS:
A wide variety of animals bite humans in tropical Australia, but empiric antimicrobial regimens recommended in current national guidelines cover almost all the microbiologic isolates from the resulting wounds.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Wound Infection
/
Bites and Stings
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Animals
/
Humans
Country/Region as subject:
Oceania
Language:
English
Journal:
Int J Infect Dis
Journal subject:
Communicable Diseases
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.ijid.2022.02.026
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