Bioinformatics analysis of structure and function of S protein of SARS-CoV-2

ABSTRACT

It has been found in previous studies that S protein of coronavirus plays a decisive role in invading host cells. In this paper, nucleotide sequence of SARS-CoV-2 S gene and its encoding amino acid sequence were obtained from NCBI. The bioinformatics analysis of S protein was carried out by DNAMAN, DNAStar, Mega 7.0 and some online analysis and prediction websites. The S protein of SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV has high homology, which suggests that the structure and function of S protein of the two strains are similar. S protein contains signal peptide sequence, and the number of potential phosphorylated amino acids is 136, and the other amino acids have high phosphorylation tendency;there are 17 N-glycosylation sites, and it is a membrane protein, containing S1 and S2 domains;in the prediction results of secondary structure, a helix accounted for 28.59%, beta turn accounted for 3.38%, extended strand accounted for 23.25%, and random coil accounted for 44.78%. The quaternary structure shows that the complete S protein is composed of three monomers. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the infection mechanism and specific treatment of SARS-CoV-2.