Exosomal and Non-Exosomal MicroRNAs: New Kids on the Block for Cancer Therapy
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
; 23(9):4493, 2022.
Article
in English
| ProQuest Central | ID: covidwho-1843115
ABSTRACT
MicroRNAs have been projected as promising tools for diagnostic and prognostic purposes in cancer. More recently, they have been highlighted as RNA therapeutic targets for cancer therapy. Though miRs perform a generic function of post-transcriptional gene regulation, their utility in RNA therapeutics mostly relies on their biochemical nature and their assembly with other macromolecules. Release of extracellular miRs is broadly categorized into two different compositions, namely exosomal (extracellular vesicles) and non-exosomal. This nature of miRs not only affects the uptake into target cells but also poses a challenge and opportunity for RNA therapeutics in cancer. By virtue of their ability to act as mediators of intercellular communication in the tumor microenvironment, extracellular miRs perform both, depending upon the target cell and target landscape, pro- and anti-tumor functions. Tumor-derived miRs mostly perform pro-tumor functions, whereas host cell- or stroma-derived miRs are involved in anti-tumor activities. This review deals with the recent understanding of exosomal and non-exosomal miRs in the tumor microenvironment, as a tool for pro- and anti-tumor activity and prospective exploit options for cancer therapy.
Chemistry--Organic Chemistry; microRNA; cancer; macrophage; breast cancer; exosome; RNA therapeutics; Stroma; Vaccines; Ribonucleic acid--RNA; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Communication; miRNA; Cancer therapies; Gene regulation; Therapeutic targets; Hypoxia; MicroRNAs; Tumors; Genomes; Post-transcription; Macromolecules; Therapy; Proteins; Liposarcoma; Gene expression; Anticancer properties; Lymphocytes; Tumor microenvironment; Melanoma; Antitumor agents
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Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
ProQuest Central
Language:
English
Journal:
International Journal of Molecular Sciences
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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