Ulcerative Colitis: Rapid Evidence Review
American Family Physician
; 105(4):406-411, 2022.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1848264
ABSTRACT
Ulcerative colitis is a relapsing and remitting inflammatory bowel disease of the large intestine. Risk factors include recent Salmonella or Campylobacter infection and a family history of ulcerative colitis. Diagnosis is suspected based on symptoms of urgency, tenesmus, and hematochezia and is confirmed with endoscopic findings of continuous inflammation from the rectum to more proximal colon, depending on the extent of disease. Fecal calprotectin may be used to assess disease activity and relapse. Medications available to treat the inflammation include 5-aminosalicylic acid, corticosteroids, tumor necrosis factor-alpha antibodies, anti-integrin antibodies, anti-interleukin-12 and -23 antibodies, and Janus kinase inhibitors. Choice of medication and method of delivery depend on the location and severity of mucosal inflammation. Other treatments such as fecal microbiota transplantation are considered experimental, and complementary therapies such as probiotics and curcumin have mixed data. Surgical treatment may be needed for fulminant or refractory disease. Increased risk of colorectal cancer and use of immunosuppressive therapies affect the preventive care needs for these patients.
agents used in inflammatory bowel disease; aminosalicylic acid; calgranulin; corticosteroid; curcumin; gastrointestinal agent; integrin antibody; interleukin 12 antibody; interleukin 23 antibody; Janus kinase inhibitor; probiotic agent; tumor necrosis factor antibody; unclassified drug; alternative medicine; article; behavior therapy; campylobacteriosis; cancer risk; colectomy; colorectal cancer; coronavirus disease 2019; defecation urgency; diagnostic test; differential diagnosis; disease activity; disease severity; drug choice; drug delivery system; experimental therapy; family history; fecal microbiota transplantation; feces level; hematochezia; hospital care; human; immunosuppressive treatment; inflammatory bowel disease; intestine endoscopy; lifestyle; mucosa inflammation; nonhuman; patient care; preventive medicine; prognosis; relapse; remission; risk factor; salmonellosis; tenesmus; ulcerative colitis
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Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Language:
English
Journal:
American Family Physician
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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