Analysis of the correlations between insomnia and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.
Somnologie (Berl)
; 26(2): 89-97, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2035283
ABSTRACT
Objective:
This study evaluates correlations between insomnia and mental health during the COVID-19 pandemic in Germany.Methods:
The internet-based International COVID-19 Sleep Study (ICOSS) questionnaire including sociodemographic questions as well as sleep- and emotion-related scales was distributed in Germany during the COVID-19 pandemic from May 1 to September 30, 2020. Insomnia and mental state were assessed using the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ), Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD-2), and visual analogue scale. Qualitative analyses of demographic characteristics were performed and correlation analyses of the variables calculated.Results:
A total of 1103 individuals participated and 858 valid questionnaires (70.61% females) were obtained. Mean age and body mass index were 41.97⯱ 12.9 years and 26⯱ 5.9â¯kg/m2, respectively. Most participants were married (nâ¯= 486, 56.6%), living in the city (nâ¯= 646, 75.3%), and white (nâ¯= 442, 51.5%). The prevalence of insomnia, anxiety, and depression was 19.5% (ISIâ¯> 7), 6.6% (GAD-2â¯> 3), and 4.8% (PHQ-2â¯> 3), respectively. Compared to the insomnia group, the mean and median ISI, PHQ4, PHQ2, and GAD2 scores of the non-insomnia group were lower, while their mean and median quality of life and quality of health scores were significantly higher (Pâ¯< 0.05). Pearson correlation analysis showed a positive correlation between the ISI and PHQ2 (râ¯= 0.521, Pâ¯< 0.001), GAD2 (râ¯= 0.483, Pâ¯< 0.001), and PHQ4 scores (râ¯= 0.562, Pâ¯< 0.001); however, the ISI score negatively correlated with the quality of life (râ¯= -0.490, Pâ¯< 0.001) and quality of health scores (râ¯= -0.437, Pâ¯< 0.001).Conclusion:
Insomnia, anxiety, and depression were very prevalent during the pandemic. Anxiety and depression were more severe in the insomnia than in the non-insomnia group, and insomnia and mental health are closely related.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Qualitative research
Language:
English
Journal:
Somnologie (Berl)
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
S11818-022-00347-7
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