Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperones in Viral Infection: Therapeutic Perspectives.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
; 85(4): e0003521, 2021 12 15.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1854242
ABSTRACT
Viruses are intracellular parasites that subvert the functions of their host cells to accomplish their infection cycle. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER)-residing chaperone proteins are central for the achievement of different steps of the viral cycle, from entry and replication to assembly and exit. The most abundant ER chaperones are GRP78 (78-kDa glucose-regulated protein), GRP94 (94-kDa glucose-regulated protein), the carbohydrate or lectin-like chaperones calnexin (CNX) and calreticulin (CRT), the protein disulfide isomerases (PDIs), and the DNAJ chaperones. This review will focus on the pleiotropic roles of ER chaperones during viral infection. We will cover their essential role in the folding and quality control of viral proteins, notably viral glycoproteins which play a major role in host cell infection. We will also describe how viruses co-opt ER chaperones at various steps of their infectious cycle but also in order to evade immune responses and avoid apoptosis. Finally, we will discuss the different molecules targeting these chaperones and the perspectives in the development of broad-spectrum antiviral drugs.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Virus Diseases
/
Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev
Journal subject:
Molecular Biology
/
Microbiology
Year:
2021
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
MMBR.00035-21
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