Clinicohaematological Patterns of Anemia and Correlation with Clinical Conditions in Children Aged 5 to 12 Years in Tertiary Care Centre

ABSTRACT

Objective: To classify the haematological pattern, severity of anemia in children 5-12 years age admitted and to find its correlation with the clinical conditions. Methods Crossectional study of 160 patients in two years was done. Patients satisfying the inclusion criteria were selected for study. Relevant clinical data were recorded in a structured proforma including detailed history was recorded with particular symptoms suggestive of anemia such as weakness and easily fatigability, breathlessness on exertion and pica. A thorough clinical examination of every child was done followed by routine investigations for anemia Results Patients between 7-8 year were found to be the most affected. Anemia was found to be more common in female children as compared to male children (FM=1.13). Anemia is more common in undernourished child. Most common presenting symptoms were gastrointestinal including vomiting, diarrhea and pain abdomen. Most common sign was Pallor followed by other common signs included signs of dehydration associated with diarrhea, hepatosplenomegaly. microcytic hypochromic anemia was the most common morphological type of anemia and macrocytic anemia was the least common.Thalassemia cases were most common among hemolytic anemias. Iron Deficiency Anemia (Nutritional Anemia) was the most common etiology of anemia. Conclusion Dietary deficits affect children aged 5 to 12, creating financial, emotional, and psychological burden for patients and their families, as well as depleting critical national resources. As a result, screening for these illnesses, as well as early detection of anemia and related problems, is essential.