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Impact of an Immune Modulator Mycobacterium-w on Adaptive Natural Killer Cells and Protection Against COVID-19.
Jaiswal, Sarita Rani; Arunachalam, Jaganath; Saifullah, Ashraf; Lakhchaura, Rohit; Tailor, Dhanir; Mehta, Anupama; Bhagawati, Gitali; Aiyer, Hemamalini; Khamar, Bakulesh; Malhotra, Sanjay V; Chakrabarti, Suparno.
  • Jaiswal SR; Cellular Therapy and Immunology, Manashi Chakrabarti Foundation, New Delhi, India.
  • Arunachalam J; Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Dharamshila Narayana Super-Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.
  • Saifullah A; Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Noida, India.
  • Lakhchaura R; Cellular Therapy and Immunology, Manashi Chakrabarti Foundation, New Delhi, India.
  • Tailor D; Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Dharamshila Narayana Super-Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.
  • Mehta A; Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Dharamshila Narayana Super-Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.
  • Bhagawati G; Department of Cell, Development & Cancer Biology and Center for Experimental Therapeutics, Knight Cancer Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR, United States.
  • Aiyer H; Department of Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Dharamshila Narayana Super-Speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.
  • Khamar B; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Dharamshila Narayana Super-speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.
  • Malhotra SV; Department of Pathology and Microbiology, Dharamshila Narayana Super-speciality Hospital, New Delhi, India.
  • Chakrabarti S; Research & Development, Cadila Pharmaceuticals Ltd, Ahmedabad, India.
Front Immunol ; 13: 887230, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1862611
ABSTRACT
The kinetics of NKG2C+ adaptive natural killer (ANK) cells and NKG2A+inhibitory NK (iNK) cells with respect to the incidence of SARS-CoV-2 infection were studied for 6 months in a cohort of healthcare workers following the administration of the heat-killed Mycobacterium w (Mw group) in comparison to a control group. In both groups, corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) correlated with lower NKG2C+ANK cells at baseline. There was a significant upregulation of NKG2C expression and IFN-γ release in the Mw group (p=0.0009), particularly in those with a lower baseline NKG2C expression, along with the downregulation of iNK cells (p<0.0001). This translated to a significant reduction in the incidence and severity of COVID-19 in the Mw group (incidence risk ratio-0.15, p=0.0004). RNA-seq analysis at 6 months showed an upregulation of the ANK pathway genes and an enhanced ANK-mediated antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) signature. Thus, Mw was observed to have a salutary impact on the ANK cell profile and a long-term upregulation of ANK-ADCC pathways, which could have provided protection against COVID-19 in a non-immune high-risk population.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Mycobacterium Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2022.887230

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Mycobacterium Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2022.887230