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Therapeutic use of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine in COVID-19 and other viral infections: A narrative review.
Hashem, Anwar M; Alghamdi, Badrah S; Algaissi, Abdullah A; Alshehri, Fahad S; Bukhari, Abdullah; Alfaleh, Mohamed A; Memish, Ziad A.
  • Hashem AM; Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Vaccines and Immunnotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: amhashem@kau.edu.sa.
  • Alghamdi BS; Department of Physiology, Neuroscience Unit, Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Pre-Clinical Research Unit, King Fahad Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: basalghamdi@kau.edu.sa.
  • Algaissi AA; Department of Medical Laboratories Technology, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia; Medical Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: AAlgaissi@jazanu.edu.sa.
  • Alshehri FS; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: fsshehri@uqu.edu.sa.
  • Bukhari A; Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imam Mohammed Ibn Saud Islamic University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: aibukhari@imamu.edu.sa.
  • Alfaleh MA; Vaccines and Immunnotherapy Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia; Faculty of Pharmacy; King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. Electronic address: maalfaleh@kau.edu.sa.
  • Memish ZA; King Saud Medical City, Research & Innovation Center, Ministry of Health, Saudi Arabia; Al-Faisal University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia; Hubert Department of Global Health, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA. Electronic address: zmemish@yahoo.com.
Travel Med Infect Dis ; 35: 101735, 2020.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-186305
ABSTRACT
The rapidly spreading Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) pandemic, caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), represents an unprecedented serious challenge to the global public health community. The extremely rapid international spread of the disease with significant morbidity and mortality made finding possible therapeutic interventions a global priority. While approved specific antiviral drugs against SARS-CoV-2 are still lacking, a large number of existing drugs are being explored as a possible treatment for COVID-19 infected patients. Recent publications have re-examined the use of Chloroquine (CQ) and/or Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) as a potential therapeutic option for these patients. In an attempt to explore the evidence that supports their use in COVID-19 patients, we comprehensively reviewed the previous studies which used CQ or HCQ as an antiviral treatment. Both CQ and HCQ demonstrated promising in vitro results, however, such data have not yet been translated into meaningful in vivo studies. While few clinical trials have suggested some beneficial effects of CQ and HCQ in COVID-19 patients, most of the reported data are still preliminary. Given the current uncertainty, it is worth being mindful of the potential risks and strictly rationalise the use of these drugs in COVID-19 patients until further high quality randomized clinical trials are available to clarify their role in the treatment or prevention of COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Betacoronavirus / Hydroxychloroquine / Antimalarials Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Travel Med Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2020 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Antiviral Agents / Pneumonia, Viral / Coronavirus Infections / Betacoronavirus / Hydroxychloroquine / Antimalarials Type of study: Experimental Studies / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials / Reviews Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Travel Med Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2020 Document Type: Article