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Relationship between the use of nonpharmaceutical interventions and COVID-19 vaccination among U.S. child care providers: A prospective cohort study.
Patel, Kavin M; Shafiq, Mehr; Malik, Amyn A; Cobanoglu, Ayse; Klotz, Madeline; Eric Humphries, John; Lee, Aiden; Murray, Thomas; Wilkinson, David; Yildirim, Inci; Elharake, Jad A; Diaz, Rachel; Rojas, Rosalia; Kuperwajs Cohen, Anael; Omer, Saad B; Gilliam, Walter S.
  • Patel KM; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Shafiq M; Yale Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
  • Malik AA; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Cobanoglu A; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Klotz M; Human Development and Family Studies, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA.
  • Eric Humphries J; Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Lee A; Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Murray T; Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Wilkinson D; Department of Economics, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA; Tobin Center for Economic Policy, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Yildirim I; Yale Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Department of Epidemiology of Microbial Diseases, Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Elharake JA; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Diaz R; Tobin Center for Economic Policy, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Rojas R; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Kuperwajs Cohen A; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Omer SB; Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale Institute for Global Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale School of Public Health, New Haven, CT, USA; Yale School of Nursing, New Haven, CT, USA.
  • Gilliam WS; Yale Child Study Center, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. Electronic address: walter.gilliam@yale.edu.
Vaccine ; 40(31): 4098-4104, 2022 07 29.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1867876
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

The relationship between the use of nonpharmaceutical interventions and COVID-19 vaccination among U.S. child care providers remains unknown. If unvaccinated child care providers are also less likely to employ nonpharmaceutical interventions, then a vaccine mandate across child care programs may have larger health and safety benefits.

METHODS:

To assess and quantify the relationship between the use of nonpharmaceutical interventions and COVID-19 vaccination among U.S. child care providers, we conducted a prospective cohort study of child care providers (N = 20,013) from all 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Child care providers were asked to complete a self-administered email survey in May-June 2020 assessing the use of nonpharmaceutical interventions (predictors) and a follow-up survey in May-June 2021 assessing COVID-19 vaccination (outcome). Nonpharmaceutical interventions were dichotomized as personal mitigation measures (e.g., masking, social distancing, handwashing) and classroom mitigation measures (e.g., temperature checks of staff/children, symptom screening for staff/children, cohorting).

RESULTS:

For each unendorsed personal mitigation measure during 2020, the likelihood of vaccination in 2021 decreased by 7% (Risk Ratio = 0.93 [95% CI 0.93 - 0.95]). No significant association was found between classroom mitigation measures and child care provider vaccination (Risk Ratio = 1.01 [95% CI 1.00-1.01]).

CONCLUSIONS:

Child care providers who used fewer personal mitigation measures were also less likely to get vaccinated for COVID-19 as an alternative form of protection. The combined nonadherence to multiple types of preventative health behaviors, that is, both nonpharmaceutical interventions and vaccination, among some child care providers may support a role for mandatory vaccination to achieve pandemic control.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Child / Humans Language: English Journal: Vaccine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.vaccine.2022.05.064

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Child / Humans Language: English Journal: Vaccine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.vaccine.2022.05.064