The role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) genetic variations in COVID-19 infection: a literature review
Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics
; 23(1), 2022.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1869113
ABSTRACT
Background:
The angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE2) is recognized to be the fundamental receptor of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV2), responsible for the worldwide Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) epidemic. However, genetic differences between people besides racial considerations and their relation to disease susceptibility are still not fully elucidated. Main body To uncover the role of ACE2 in COVID-19 infection, we reviewed the published studies that explore the association of COVID-19 with the functional characteristics of ACE2 and its genetic variations. Notably, emerging studies tried to determine whether the ACE2 variants and/or expression could be associated with SARS-CoV/SARS-CoV2 have conflicting results. Some researchers investigated the potential of “population-specific” ACE2 genetic variations to impact the SARS-CoV2 vulnerability and suggested no ethnicity enrichment for ACE2 polymorphisms that could influence SARS-CoV2 S-protein binding. At the same time, some studies use data mining to predict several ACE2 variants that could enhance or decline susceptibility to SARS-CoV. On the other hand, fewer studies revealed an association of ACE2 expression with COVID-19 outcome reporting higher expression levels of ACE2 in East Asians.Conclusions:
ACE2 gene variants and expression may modify the deleterious consequences of SARS-CoV2 to the host cells. It is worth noting that apart from the differences in gene expression and the genetic variations of ACE2, many other environmental and/or genetic factors could modify the disease outcome, including the genes for the innate and the adaptive immune response.
adaptive immunity; controlled study; coronavirus disease 2019; data mining; East Asian; ethnicity; gene expression; genetic association; genetic polymorphism; genetic variability; genetic variation; heredity; host cell; human; nonhuman; protein binding; protein expression; protein function; review; SARS coronavirus; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; vulnerability; angiotensin converting enzyme 2; endogenous compound
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Type of study:
Reviews
Language:
English
Journal:
Egyptian Journal of Medical Human Genetics
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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