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Disengaging the COVID-19 Clutch as a Discerning Eye Over the Inflammatory Circuit During SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Anwar, Mohammed Moustapha; Sah, Ranjit; Shrestha, Sunil; Ozaki, Akihiko; Roy, Namrata; Fathah, Zareena; Rodriguez-Morales, Alfonso J.
  • Anwar MM; Department of Biotechnology, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research (IGSR), Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt. igsr.dr.mohamedanwar@alexu.edu.eg.
  • Sah R; Tribhuvan University Institute of Medicine, Kathmandu, Nepal.
  • Shrestha S; Department of Pharmaceutical and Health Service Research, Nepal Health Research and Innovation Foundation, Lalitpur, Nepal.
  • Ozaki A; Department of Breast Surgery, Jyoban Hospital of Tokiwa Foundation, Iwaki, Japan.
  • Roy N; Medical Governance Research Institute, Tokyo, Japan.
  • Fathah Z; SRM University, SRM Nagar, Kattankulathur, Chengalpattu, Tamil Nadu, 603203, India.
  • Rodriguez-Morales AJ; Kings College London, London, UK.
Inflammation ; 45(5): 1875-1894, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1872583
ABSTRACT
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) causes the cytokine release syndrome (CRS) and leads to multiorgan dysfunction. Mitochondrial dynamics are fundamental to protect against environmental insults, but they are highly susceptible to viral infections. Defective mitochondria are potential sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Infection with SARS-CoV-2 damages mitochondria, alters autophagy, reduces nitric oxide (NO), and increases both nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidases (NOX) and ROS. Patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) exhibited activated toll-like receptors (TLRs) and the Nucleotide-binding and oligomerization domain (NOD-), leucine-rich repeat (LRR-), pyrin domain-containing protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome. The activation of TLRs and NLRP3 by SARS-CoV-2 induces interleukin 6 (IL-6), IL-1ß, IL-18, and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH). Herein, we outline the inflammatory circuit of COVID-19 and what occurs behind the scene, the interplay of NOX/ROS and their role in hypoxia and thrombosis, and the important role of ROS scavengers to reduce COVID-19-related inflammation.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Inflammasomes / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Inflammation Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S10753-022-01674-5

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Inflammasomes / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Inflammation Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S10753-022-01674-5