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Impaired humoral and cellular response to primary COVID-19 vaccination in patients less than 2 years after allogeneic bone marrow transplant.
Murray, Sam M; Barbanti, Maria; Campbell, Cori; Brown, Anthony; Chen, Lucia; Dhanapal, Jay; Tseu, Bing; Pervaiz, Omer; Peters, Louis; Springett, Sally; Danby, Robert; Adele, Sandra; Phillips, Eloise; Malone, Tom; Amini, Ali; Stafford, Lizzie; Deeks, Alexandra S; Dunachie, Susanna; Klenerman, Paul; Peniket, Andrew; Barnes, Eleanor; Kesavan, Murali.
  • Murray SM; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Barbanti M; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Campbell C; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Brown A; NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Chen L; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Dhanapal J; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Tseu B; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Pervaiz O; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Peters L; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Springett S; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Danby R; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Adele S; Department of Haematology, NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Phillips E; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Malone T; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Amini A; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Stafford L; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Deeks AS; Oxford Liver Unit, Translational Gastroenterology Unit, Experimental Medicine Division Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Dunachie S; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Klenerman P; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Peniket A; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
  • Barnes E; Peter Medawar Building for Pathogen Research Nuffield Department of Medicine, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
  • Kesavan M; Oxford University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Oxford, UK.
Br J Haematol ; 198(4): 668-679, 2022 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1874397
ABSTRACT
Allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients remain at high risk of adverse outcomes from coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and emerging variants. The optimal prophylactic vaccine strategy for this cohort is not defined. T cell-mediated immunity is a critical component of graft-versus-tumour effect and in determining vaccine immunogenicity. Using validated anti-spike (S) immunoglobulin G (IgG) and S-specific interferon-gamma enzyme-linked immunospot (IFNγ-ELIspot) assays we analysed response to a two-dose vaccination schedule (either BNT162b2 or ChAdOx1) in 33 HSCT recipients at ≤2 years from transplant, alongside vaccine-matched healthy controls (HCs). After two vaccines, infection-naïve HSCT recipients had a significantly lower rate of seroconversion compared to infection-naïve HCs (25/32 HSCT vs. 39/39 HCs no responders) and had lower S-specific T-cell responses. The HSCT recipients who received BNT162b2 had a higher rate of seroconversion compared to ChAdOx1 (89% vs. 74%) and significantly higher anti-S IgG titres (p = 0.022). S-specific T-cell responses were seen after one vaccine in HCs and HSCT recipients. However, two vaccines enhanced S-specific T-cell responses in HCs but not in the majority of HSCT recipients. These data demonstrate limited immunogenicity of two-dose vaccination strategies in HSCT recipients, bolstering evidence of the need for additional boosters and/or alternative prophylactic measures in this group.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Br J Haematol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bjh.18312

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / COVID-19 Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Br J Haematol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bjh.18312