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Lifestyle risk behaviours among adolescents: a two-year longitudinal study of the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Gardner, Lauren Anne; Debenham, Jennifer; Newton, Nicola Clare; Chapman, Cath; Wylie, Fiona Elizabeth; Osman, Bridie; Teesson, Maree; Champion, Katrina Elizabeth.
  • Gardner LA; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia lauren.gardner@sydney.edu.au.
  • Debenham J; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Newton NC; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Chapman C; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Wylie FE; Department of Psychology, Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Osman B; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Teesson M; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
  • Champion KE; The Matilda Centre for Research Excellence in Mental Health and Substance Use, The University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
BMJ Open ; 12(6): e060309, 2022 06 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1874562
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE:

To examine changes in the prevalence of six key chronic disease risk factors (the "Big 6"), from before (2019) to during (2021) the COVID-19 pandemic, among a large and geographically diverse sample of adolescents, and whether differences over time are associated with lockdown status and gender.

DESIGN:

Prospective cohort study.

SETTING:

Three Australian states (New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia) spanning over 3000 km.

PARTICIPANTS:

983 adolescents (baseline Mage=12.6, SD=0.5, 54.8% girl) drawn from the control group of the Health4Life Study. PRIMARY

OUTCOMES:

The prevalence of physical inactivity, poor diet (insufficient fruit and vegetable intake, high sugar-sweetened beverage intake, high discretionary food intake), poor sleep, excessive recreational screen time, alcohol use and tobacco use.

RESULTS:

The prevalence of excessive recreational screen time (prevalence ratios (PR)=1.06, 95% CI=1.03 to 1.11), insufficient fruit intake (PR=1.50, 95% CI=1.26 to 1.79), and alcohol (PR=4.34, 95% CI=2.82 to 6.67) and tobacco use (PR=4.05 95% CI=1.86 to 8.84) increased over the 2-year period, with alcohol use increasing more among girls (PR=2.34, 95% CI=1.19 to 4.62). The prevalence of insufficient sleep declined across the full sample (PR=0.74, 95% CI=0.68 to 0.81); however, increased among girls (PR=1.24, 95% CI=1.10 to 1.41). The prevalence of high sugar-sweetened beverage (PR=0.61, 95% CI=0.64 to 0.83) and discretionary food consumption (PR=0.73, 95% CI=0.64 to 0.83) reduced among those subjected to stay-at-home orders, compared with those not in lockdown.

CONCLUSION:

Lifestyle risk behaviours, particularly excessive recreational screen time, poor diet, physical inactivity and poor sleep, are prevalent among adolescents. Young people must be supported to find ways to improve or maintain their health, regardless of the course of the pandemic. Targeted approaches to support groups that may be disproportionately impacted, such as adolescent girls, are needed. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER Australian New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry (ACTRN12619000431123).
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans Country/Region as subject: Oceania Language: English Journal: BMJ Open Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bmjopen-2021-060309

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pandemics / COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Adolescent / Female / Humans Country/Region as subject: Oceania Language: English Journal: BMJ Open Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Bmjopen-2021-060309