Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders among Sonologists during the Pre-COVID-19 and Present COVID-19 Era: a Survey and Review of Best Practices

ABSTRACT

Background. Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) have become an increasing cause of concern among sonologists. In this study, we evaluate the incidence and risk factors for WRMSDs among sonologists in the pre-COVID-19 and present COVID-19 era while identifying high-risk zones for WRMSDs and providing a brief review of optimal working conditions to avoid WRMSDs. Methods. A "Google form" questionnaire with close-ended questions regarding musculoskeletal discomfort was sent to 350 radiologists during the period of February-March 2021. Data was collected by time-based sampling over a period of 15 days. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 26. Results. 77% (n = 100) of the respondents reported suffering from musculoskeletal discomfort, and 70% (n = 100) attributed such discomfort to their profession as a sonologist (p = 0.001). Among sonologists who attributed their musculoskeletal discomfort to their profession, shoulder pain (p = 0.001), neck pain (p = 0.001), lower back pain (p = 0.001), and wrist pain (p = 0.017) were the most common symptoms. When musculoskeletal discomfort was attributed to the profession, a statistically significant association was found with stress level during the COVID-19 pandemic (p = 0.001) and musculoskeletal discomfort attributed to using extra barrier precautions such as transparent screens during ultrasound (US) scans (p = 0.009). Conclusions. Adapting to new safety and ergonomics is the need of the hour. A regular review of the work practices adopted by sonologists, especially in the current context of COVID-19, enforced protective strategies may greatly help in risk identification and minimizing the precipitation of WRMSDs.