An Overview of Microbial Source Tracking Using Host-Specific Genetic Markers to Identify Origins of Fecal Contamination in Different Water Environments
Water
; 14(11):1809, 2022.
Article
in English
| ProQuest Central | ID: covidwho-1892999
ABSTRACT
Fecal contamination of water constitutes a serious health risk to humans and environmental ecosystems. This is mainly due to the fact that fecal material carries a variety of enteropathogens, which can enter and circulate in water bodies through fecal pollution. In this respect, the prompt identification of the polluting source(s) is pivotal to guiding appropriate target-specific remediation actions. Notably, microbial source tracking (MST) is widely applied to determine the host origin(s) contributing to fecal water pollution through the identification of zoogenic and/or anthropogenic sources of fecal environmental DNA (eDNA). A wide array of host-associated molecular markers have been developed and exploited for polluting source attribution in various aquatic ecosystems. This review is intended to provide the most up-to-date overview of genetic marker-based MST studies carried out in different water types, such as freshwaters (including surface and groundwaters) and seawaters (from coasts, beaches, lagoons, and estuaries), as well as drinking water systems. Focusing on the latest scientific progress/achievements, this work aims to gain updated knowledge on the applicability and robustness of using MST for water quality surveillance. Moreover, it also provides a future perspective on advancing MST applications for environmental research.
Environmental Studies; aquatic environments; environmental DNA (eDNA); fecal contamination; host-specific marker genes; microbial source tracking (MST); Markers; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; Estuaries; Identification; Lagoons; Drinking water; Tracking; Environmental impact; Aquatic ecosystems; Water quality; Microorganisms; Feces; Genetic markers; Health risk assessment; Deoxyribonucleic acid--DNA; Public health; Rivers; Contamination; Health risks; Ecosystems; Pathogens; Water types; Anthropogenic factors; Water pollution; E coli; Pollution; Fresh water; Fecal coliforms; United States--US
Full text:
Available
Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
ProQuest Central
Language:
English
Journal:
Water
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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