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Immunoinformatic Design of a Multivalent Peptide Vaccine Against Mucormycosis: Targeting FTR1 Protein of Major Causative Fungi.
Araf, Yusha; Moin, Abu Tayab; Timofeev, Vladimir I; Faruqui, Nairita Ahsan; Saiara, Syeda Afra; Ahmed, Nafisa; Parvez, Md Sorwer Alam; Rahaman, Tanjim Ishraq; Sarkar, Bishajit; Ullah, Md Asad; Hosen, Mohammad Jakir; Zheng, Chunfu.
  • Araf Y; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
  • Moin AT; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China.
  • Timofeev VI; Department of Research and Development, Community of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Faruqui NA; Department of Research and Development, Community of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Saiara SA; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.
  • Ahmed N; Shubnikov Institute of Crystallography, Federal Scientific Research Centre, Crystallography and Photonics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.
  • Parvez MSA; Department of Research and Development, Community of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Rahaman TI; Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Data and Sciences, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Sarkar B; Department of Research and Development, Community of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Ullah MA; Department of Research and Development, Community of Biotechnology, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Hosen MJ; Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, School of Data and Sciences, Brac University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
  • Zheng C; Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences, Shahjalal University of Science and Technology, Sylhet, Bangladesh.
Front Immunol ; 13: 863234, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1903009
ABSTRACT
Mucormycosis is a potentially fatal illness that arises in immunocompromised people due to diabetic ketoacidosis, neutropenia, organ transplantation, and elevated serum levels of accessible iron. The sudden spread of mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients engendered massive concern worldwide. Comorbidities including diabetes, cancer, steroid-based medications, long-term ventilation, and increased ferritin serum concentration in COVID-19 patients trigger favorable fungi growth that in turn effectuate mucormycosis. The necessity of FTR1 gene-encoded ferrous permease for host iron acquisition by fungi has been found in different studies recently. Thus, targeting the transit component could be a potential solution. Unfortunately, no appropriate antifungal vaccine has been constructed as of yet. To date, mucormycosis has been treated with antiviral therapy and surgical treatment only. Thus, in this study, the FTR1 protein has been targeted to design a convenient and novel epitope-based vaccine with the help of immunoinformatics against four different virulent fungal species. Furthermore, the vaccine was constructed using 8 CTL, 2 HTL, and 1 LBL epitopes that were found to be highly antigenic, non-allergenic, non-toxic, and fully conserved among the fungi under consideration. The vaccine has very reassuring stability due to its high pI value of 9.97, conclusive of a basic range. The vaccine was then subjected to molecular docking, molecular dynamics, and immune simulation studies to confirm the biological environment's safety, efficacy, and stability. The vaccine constructs were found to be safe in addition to being effective. Finally, we used in-silico cloning to develop an effective strategy for vaccine mass production. The designed vaccine will be a potential therapeutic not only to control mucormycosis in COVID-19 patients but also be effective in general mucormycosis events. However, further in vitro, and in vivo testing is needed to confirm the vaccine's safety and efficacy in controlling fungal infections. If successful, this vaccine could provide a low-cost and effective method of preventing the spread of mucormycosis worldwide.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Mucormycosis Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2022.863234

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 / Mucormycosis Topics: Vaccines Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Front Immunol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Fimmu.2022.863234