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The Perception of Minerals and Their Prevalence in Fortified Foods and Supplements in Japan.
Chiba, Tsuyoshi; Tanemura, Nanae; Nishijima, Chiharu.
  • Chiba T; Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8363, Japan.
  • Tanemura N; Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8363, Japan.
  • Nishijima C; Department of Food Function and Labeling, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8363, Japan.
Nutrients ; 14(13)2022 Jun 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1911492
ABSTRACT
People's intake of some minerals does not meet the nutrient reference values even in high-income countries. Recently, the deficiency of zinc and/or selenium has been considered to cause greater risk of COVID-19 infection and severity. To investigate consumer awareness, we conducted a cross-sectional questionnaire online survey among Japanese people (7500 males and 7500 females) concerning their perceptions of each mineral and the prevalence of mineral-fortified foods and/or mineral supplements. People's perception of each mineral varied the highest was for calcium (91.8%) and the lowest was for selenium (44.7%). In addition, only a portion of participants believed that they consumed a sufficient amount of each mineral; the highest was sodium (23.7%), and the lowest was manganese (5.2%). In addition, 18.2% of them felt that they could not consume enough sodium, even though most of the Japanese's intake is excessive. Among mineral-fortified-food and/or mineral-supplement users, the purposes for these products were to maintain health (80.6%), supplement nutrients (48.0%), and prevent infectious diseases (23.2%). Only 18.4% of participants knew what amount they took. In conclusion, education is needed to prevent not only the insufficiency/deficiency of each mineral but also an excess intake of sodium.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Selenium / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Traditional medicine Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Nu14132586

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Selenium / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Traditional medicine Limits: Female / Humans / Male Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Nu14132586