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Changes in surfactant lipid composition 6 months after severe Covid-19
European Clinical Respiratory Journal ; 9(SUPPL):29, 2022.
Article in English | EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1915473
ABSTRACT

Background:

SARS-CoV-2 displays high affinity for ACE2 receptors as a vector of pathogenesis. ACE2 receptors are highly expressed on surfactant producing type 2 alveolar cells. These cells produce pulmonary surfactant - a crucial thin layer of surface-active fluid mainly composed of lipids, lining the alveolar epithelial surface. The main function, to reduce the surface tension, is fundamental for proper gas exchange. Aims and

Objectives:

To investigate changes in surfactant lipid composition and the relationship to longstanding symptoms of post Covid-19 among patients treated in intensive care for Covid-19 infection.

Methods:

We recruited 43 patients (17 women, aged 44-80 years) who had previously been treated in ICU in a major Swedish hospital, in average 6 months before inclusion. The participants answered a questionnaire regarding symptoms, we collected particles in exhaled air with PExA-instrument (PExA AB) and conducted pulmonary function tests, body plethysmography, and diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide. Twenty-two healthy, non-infected, ageand gender-matched controls were enrolled. Lipids were analysed using liquid chromatography with a triple quadrupole mass spectrometer. Statistical analyses were performed with Qlucore.

Results:

Early results suggest a significant change in the composition of surfactant lipids among post-Covid -19 patients treated in intensive care compared to controls. Early analysis show significant reductions of all measured phosphatidyl-glycerols (PG, n = 14) an increase of all measured phosphatidyl-inositols (PI, n = 4), for example were PG 181-181 22% lower (p < 0.001, q = 0.04) and PI160181 67% higher (p < 0.001, q = 0.0003) in subjects post-Covid compared to controls.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest that surfactant composition is altered also in the recovery after Covid-19 infection, which could be a key component in the post-Covid syndrome and the lingering effects on the respiratory system.
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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Language: English Journal: European Clinical Respiratory Journal Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: Databases of international organizations Database: EMBASE Language: English Journal: European Clinical Respiratory Journal Year: 2022 Document Type: Article