Application of intelligent sensory technology in the authentication of alcoholic beverages

ABSTRACT

Alcoholic beverages play an important role in social gatherings and the consumption of alcohol drinks keep increasing worldwide in recent years, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic months. The authentication of alcoholic beverage is usually evaluated by trained panels or chromatography analysis. Over the last few decades, intelligent sensory technology (IST) that imitate the human sensory organs have been developed for quality control and authentication of alcoholic beverages. The artificial sensing system consist of arrays of sensors with cross-sensitivity and various pattern recognition methods, which can be used to discriminate or classify the samples based on the detection requirements. Application of IST on wine authenticity have been extensively studied, however, application of IST in authentication of other alcoholic beverages lacks of systemic study. This paper firstly describes the basic mechanism of current IST instruments and then summarizes the applications of IST in alcoholic beverages authenticity assessments, including discrimination of varietal and geographical origins, detection of frauds and adulterations, discrimination of years of aging, distinction of brands and types, aroma analysis, detection of spoilage and off-flavors, and monitoring of the production process. The potential applications and future development of IST in the brewing industry are also discussed.