Mechanisms of COVID-19 pathogenesis in diabetes.
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
; 323(3): H403-H420, 2022 09 01.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1923329
ABSTRACT
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus, is a global pandemic impacting 254 million people in 190 countries. Comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and hypertension, increase the risk of infection and poor outcomes. SARS-CoV-2 enters host cells through the angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 receptor, generating inflammation and cytokine storm, often resulting in multiorgan failure. The mechanisms and effects of COVID-19 on patients with high-risk diabetes are not yet completely understood. In this review, we discuss the variety of coronaviruses, structure of SARS-CoV-2, mutations in SARS-CoV-2 spike proteins, receptors associated with viral host entry, and disease progression. Furthermore, we focus on possible mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 in diabetes, leading to inflammation and heart failure. Finally, we discuss existing therapeutic approaches, unanswered questions, and future directions.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Diabetes Mellitus
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol
Journal subject:
Cardiology
/
Physiology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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