Lowered COVID-19 mRNA vaccine antibody response in MS patientstreated with B-cell depleting and S1P-receptor-targeting therapies compared to controls: interim analysis
Neurology
; 98(18 SUPPL), 2022.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1925168
ABSTRACT
Objective:
Assess the SARS-CoV2 Spike antibody response in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients on high efficacy immunotherapies.Background:
There is limited knowledge about SARS-CoV2 mRNA vaccine response in MS patients on immunotherapy. Design/Methods:
Patients with MS, aged 18-65, on fingolimod, siponimod, ofatumumab, or ocrelizumab for at least 3 months prior to first mRNA SARS-CoV2 vaccine (Pfizer or Moderna) were offered enrollment. A cohort of healthy controls who received the mRNA vaccines were also enrolled. Blood samples for the SARS-CoV2 Spike antibody (Anti-SARS-CoV2 S, RocheElecsys) were collected 2-3 months after the second mRNA vaccine. The proportion who seroconverted (antibody>0.4 U/ml), and SARS-CoV2 Spike antibody levels were assessed.Results:
A total of 39 MS patients (6 fingolimod, 33 ocrelizumab) and 31 controls were included in this interim analysis. 33%(13/39) of MS patients seroconverted, compared to 100%(31/31) in the control group, with an estimated risk difference of -0.67,(95% confidence interval -0.81, -0.52;Fisher's exact test, p=9.0∗10-10 ). There was no difference in seroconversion rates between MS patients who received the Pfizer (34%, 10/29) versus the Moderna vaccine (30%, 3/10) (95% confidence interval -0.38, 0.29;Fisher's exact test=1). Seroconversion was found in 100% (31/31) of controls, 66.7% (4/6) of fingolimod-treated patients, and 27.3% (9/33) of ocrelizumab-treated patients (three group comparison, Fisher's exact test p-value =2.7∗10 -10). The median Spike antibody level was <0.4 U/ml in MS patients, and 1,663 U/ml in controls (Wilcoxon rank sum test, p-value= 1.0∗10-12 ). The median Spike antibody level in the ocrelizumab group was <0.4 U/ml, 3.45 U/ml in the fingolimod group, and 1,663 U/ml in the control group (Kruskal Wallis test, p-value=5.9∗10-12 ). Total IgG correlated with Spike antibody levels in the ocrelizumab-treated group only (Spearman correlation, p=0.025).Conclusions:
MS patients on ocrelizumab and fingolimod have significantly lower rates of seroconversion, and lower median Spike antibody levels in response to the mRNA SARS-CoV2 vaccines compared to controls.
elasomeran; endogenous compound; fingolimod; immunoglobulin G; ocrelizumab; ofatumumab; RNA vaccine; siponimod; sphingosine 1 phosphate receptor; adult; antibody response; attributable risk; B lymphocyte; blood sampling; clinical article; cohort analysis; conference abstract; controlled study; drug combination; drug therapy; female; human; human cell; immunoglobulin blood level; Kruskal Wallis test; male; multiple sclerosis; nonhuman; rank sum test; risk assessment; seroconversion; Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2; spike; young adult
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Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Topics:
Vaccines
Language:
English
Journal:
Neurology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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