A Case of an 83 Year Old Male with Acute Disseminated Encephalomyelitis-like Presentation Post COVID-19 Vaccination
Neurology
; 98(18 SUPPL), 2022.
Article
in English
| EMBASE | ID: covidwho-1925550
ABSTRACT
Objective:
NABackground:
A variety of neurologic disorders have been described in patients after receiving the COVID-19 vaccines. Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) have been reported especially in the younger population following any vaccination, including the Covid-19 vaccines. Reports of ADEM in the elderly patients are scarce. Design/Methods:
An 83 year old male with history of hypertension, presented with suddenonset of progressive multifocal neurological deficits including blurry vision, upper extremity weakness, numbness and clumsiness with imbalance resulting in multiple falls. A few days later, he reported dysphagia, intermittent expressive aphasia and confusion. Thirteen days prior, he received his second dose of Moderna vaccine. Examination showed mild bilateral upper motor neuron and cerebellar signs. Laboratory tests were unremarkable except for elevated ESR (72), low Vitamins-B12 (311 pg/mL), and D (14.9 ng/mL) levels, and iron deficiency anemia. MRI brain with gadolinium revealed non-enhancing multifocal and confluent supra/infratentorial T2/FLAIR hyperintensity lesions. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) analysis showed pleocytosis (whitecell count 13 with 60% lymphocytes), elevated protein (54), and glucose (80), suggestive of underlying inflammation. CSF cytology, meningoencephalitis panel, VDRL, JC-virus PCR, India-ink, acid-fast, bacterial and fungus cultures were negative. HIV antibody was negative. Intravenous Ceftriaxone was initiated until CSF cultures returned negative. Serum anti-MOG and anti-NMO were negative. Repeat imaging within a week showed decreased confluent T2 hyperintensities, but also demonstrated new areas of patchy involvement. The patient received intravenous methylprednisolone 1000 mg daily for 5 days. In the following weeks, his symptoms improved remarkably.Results:
NAConclusions:
This 83 year old patient presented with multiple neurologic symptoms, confluent T2-Flair white matter hyperintensities on imaging studies, 13 days post Covid-19 vaccination. Workup for other inflammatory and infectious etiologies was unrevealing. Symptoms improved after intravenous corticosteroids treatment. ADEM is a consideration. Theoretical and actual concerns of vaccine-related neurologic diseases exist, timely recognition and treatment can alter the course and disease progression.
ceftriaxone; corticosteroid; elasomeran; gadolinium; glucose; Human immunodeficiency virus antibody; Indian ink; methylprednisolone; acute disseminated encephalomyelitis; adverse drug reaction; aged; ataxic aphasia; bacterium culture; case report; cerebellum; cerebrospinal fluid analysis; cerebrospinal fluid culture; cerebrospinal fluid cytology; clinical article; conference abstract; coronavirus disease 2019; drug therapy; dysphagia; fluid-attenuated inversion recovery imaging; fungus culture; human; human cell; human tissue; hypertension; hypesthesia; inflammation; intravenous drug administration; iron deficiency anemia
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Collection:
Databases of international organizations
Database:
EMBASE
Topics:
Long Covid
/
Vaccines
Language:
English
Journal:
Neurology
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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