THE TRANSLATION OF ARABIC SPEECH ACT IN SYARAH AL-HIKAM THE WORKS OF MUHAMMAD SAID RAMADHAN AL-BUTHI: ANALYSIS OF SPIRITUAL COUNSELLING BASED ON PRAGMATIC EQUIVALENCE

ABSTRACT

This research investigates the kinds of speech acts contained in syarah Al-Hikam. In this case, syarah is defined as one form of explanation of a matan (substance) from Al-Hikam aphorism (the book of wisdoms) in Islamic mysticism as the base foundation of spiritual counselling. The language of syarah has a distinctive character, such as the process of explaining to the reader what is being described about matan. Therefore, it is important to study language of syarah based on the pragmatics aspects, especially the variants of speech acts contained in syarah al-Hikam as a set of values and principles that strengthen the relationship between the speaker and the reader and improve the Islamic healing process. In addition, this research also elaborated how the speech acts are translated from Arabic (Ll) into Bahasa Indonesia (L2). Based on the explanation, this study examines several problems, such as (l) what are the forms of speech acts contained in syarah al-Hikam, (2) what translation techniques are used by the translator in translating speech acts contained in syarah al-Hikam from Source Language (SL) to Target Language (TL), and (3) how is the relation between the translation quality of syarah al-Hikam speech acts and the spiritual counselling. The method in this research was divided into three stages. The first stage dealt with data collection method. The data were collected through observation and classification of speech acts in syarah al-Hikam. The second stage was about data analysis model. The data were analyzed using Spradley model, namely (l) domain analysis, (2) taxonomic analysis, (3) a component analysis, and (4) cultural themes analysis. Meanwhile, the third stage was related to the report on the findings in which informal method, in the form of narrations and descriptions of various speech acts in syarah al-Hikam and the pragmatic equivalence of these speech acts, was used. This study does not examine the most dominant form of speech acts, but examining how the character of syarah language in religious books as the base foundation of Islamic spiritual counselling applies the pragmatics principles. Thus, this article examines how a pragmatic equivalence between source language and target language is achieved.