Vaccines against COVID-19, a challenge in Global Health

ABSTRACT

The global health emergency caused by SARS-CoV-2, has caused destabilization of health systems, deploying several proposals for platforms in order to obtain an accessible, effective and safe vaccine, thus having more than 250 potential candidates who are in the different stages of development but only 4 have managed to meet the standards of approval and marketing by the different Regulatory Agencies, these being Pfizer, Moderna, AstraZeneca and Johnson & Johnson, which reach an efficiency of 95%, 94.1%, 70% and 66% respectively. A systematic, up-to-date literature review of the latest published scientific articles was carried out;on the different vaccines qualified by the World Health Organization (WHO) against the threat of COVID-19, as well as their characteristics and implication in health. The review resulted in 30 scientific publications in specialized databases such as Medline, Cochrane, SCOPUS, PubMed, Scielo, SpringerLink, in search of scientific articles, meta-analyses, clinical practice guidelines and reports;published during the period of onset of the pandemic up to the latest covid-19 vaccination reports. The characteristics of each vaccine were described, giving a public knowledge of its advantages, limitations, safety and efficacy. The most significant conclusion was that vac-cines have been shown to be effective because they achieve a seroconversion greater than 90%, so countries should consider a strategic plan for vaccination against SARS-CoV-2 that includes the entire population.