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Household Transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Bhutan.
Jatsho, Jimba; Pelzom, Dorji; Dorji, Sithar; Pelzang, Thinley.
  • Jatsho J; Department of Pediatrics, Phuentsholing Hospital, Chukha, Bhutan.
  • Pelzom D; Policy and Planning Division, Ministry of Health, Bhutan.
  • Dorji S; Phuentsholing Hospital, Chukha, Bhutan.
  • Pelzang T; Phuentsholing Hospital, Chukha, Bhutan.
Biomed Res Int ; 2022: 5644454, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1932836
ABSTRACT

Introduction:

The transmission trend of SARS-CoV-2 is continuously evolving. Understanding the dynamics in different settings is crucial for any effective containment measures. We aimed to study the characteristics of household transmission of SARS-CoV-2 in Bhutanese households by determining the transmissibility within household contacts of confirmed COVID-19 index cases and their factors of infectivity.

Methods:

We conducted a retrospective observational study on household transmission in 306 household contacts of 93 COVID-19 positive index cases diagnosed from April 16, 2021, to June 30, 2021. A pro forma was used to collect data on the epidemiological, demographic, and clinical profile of all recruited individuals. Secondary attack rates (SAR) were calculated, and risk factors for transmission were estimated.

Results:

180 of 306 household contacts developed secondary household transmission (SAR 58.8%; 95% CI 53.2-64.2). The median age of household contacts was 22 years. The median household size was 4 (mean 4.3 ± 2.199) members. Contacts exposed to adult index cases (aPR 1; 95% CI 1, 1.02, p = 0.01) and vaccinated index cases (uPR 0.41, 95% CI 0.25, 0.66, p < 0.001) had a higher SAR and prevalence of secondary infections.

Conclusions:

Our findings suggest substantial evidence of secondary infections among household contacts, especially in the context of public health mandated lockdowns. Aggressive early contact tracing and case identification with subsequent case isolation from other household members remains a crucial step in preventing secondary transmission.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coinfection / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adult / Humans / Young adult Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Biomed Res Int Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 2022

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Coinfection / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adult / Humans / Young adult Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Biomed Res Int Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: 2022