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SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins fail to activate human dendritic cells or γδ T cells.
Singh, Kiran; Cogan, Sita; Elekes, Stefan; Murphy, Dearbhla M; Cummins, Sinead; Curran, Rory; Najda, Zaneta; Dunne, Margaret R; Jameson, Gráinne; Gargan, Siobhan; Martin, Seamus; Long, Aideen; Doherty, Derek G.
  • Singh K; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Cogan S; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Elekes S; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Murphy DM; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Cummins S; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Curran R; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Najda Z; Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Dunne MR; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Jameson G; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Gargan S; Discipline of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Martin S; Molecular Cell Biology Laboratory, Smurfit Institute of Genetics, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Long A; Discipline of Clinical Medicine, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
  • Doherty DG; Discipline of Immunology, Trinity Translational Medicine Institute, Trinity College Dublin, St. James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.
PLoS One ; 17(7): e0271463, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1933390
ABSTRACT
γδ T cells are thought to contribute to immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), but the mechanisms by which they are activated by the virus are unknown. Using flow cytometry, we investigated if the two most abundant viral structural proteins, spike and nucleocapsid, can activate human γδ T cell subsets, directly or in the presence of dendritic cells (DC). Both proteins failed to induce interferon-γ production by Vδ1 or Vδ2 T cells within fresh mononuclear cells or lines of expanded γδ T cells generated from healthy donors, but the same proteins stimulated CD3+ cells from COVID-19 patients. The nucleocapsid protein stimulated interleukin-12 production by DC and downstream interferon-γ production by co-cultured Vδ1 and Vδ2 T cells, but protease digestion and use of an alternative nucleocapsid preparation indicated that this activity was due to contaminating non-protein material. Thus, SARS-CoV-2 spike and nucleocapsid proteins do not have stimulatory activity for DC or γδ T cells. We propose that γδ T cell activation in COVID-19 patients is mediated by immune recognition of viral RNA or other structural proteins by γδ T cells, or by other immune cells, such as DC, that produce γδ T cell-stimulatory ligands or cytokines.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Dendritic Cells / Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Nucleocapsid Proteins / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0271463

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Dendritic Cells / Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Nucleocapsid Proteins / Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS One Journal subject: Science / Medicine Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pone.0271463