Chronic biopsy proven post-COVID myoendocarditis with SARS-Cov-2 persistence and high level of antiheart antibodies.
Clin Cardiol
; 45(9): 952-959, 2022 Sep.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1935672
ABSTRACT
PURPOSE:
To study the clinical signs and mechanisms (viral and autoimmune) of myoendocarditis in the long-term period after COronaVIrus Disease 2019 (COVID-19).METHODS:
Fourteen patients (nine male, 50.1 ± 10.2 y.o.) with biopsy proven post-COVID myocarditis were observed. The diagnosis of COVID-19 was confirmed by IgG seroconversion. The average time of admission after COVID-19 was 5.5 [2; 10] months. An endomyocardial biopsy (EMB) of the right ventricle was obtained. The biopsy analysis included polymerase chain reaction diagnosis of viral infection, morphological, immunohistochemical (IHC) examination with antibodies to CD3, CD45, CD68, CD20, SARS-Cov-2 spike, and nucleocapsid antigens. Coronary atherosclerosis was ruled out in all patients over 40 years.RESULTS:
The new cardiac symptoms (congestive heart failure 3-4 New York Heart Association class with severe right ventricular involvement, various rhythm, and conduction disturbances) appeared 1-5 months following COVID-19. Magnetic resonance imaging showed disseminated or focal subepicardial and intramyocardial late gadolinium enhancement, hyperemia, edema, and increased myocardial native T1 relaxation time. Antiheart antibodies levels were increased 3-4 times in 92.9% of patients. The mean left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF) was 28% (24.5; 37.8). Active lymphocytic myocarditis was diagnosed in 12 patients, eosinophilic myocarditis in two patients. SARS-Cov-2 RNA was detected in 12 cases (85.7%), in association with parvovirus B19 DNA-in one. Three patients had also endocarditis (infective and nonbacterial, with parietal thrombosis). As a result of steroid and chronic heart failure therapy, the EF increased to 47% (37.5; 52.5).CONCLUSIONS:
COVID-19 can lead to long-term severe post-COVID myoendocarditis, that is characterized by prolonged persistence of coronavirus in cardiomyocytes, endothelium, and macrophages (up to 18 months) in combination with high immune activity. Corticosteroids and anticoagulants should be considered as a treatment option of post-COVID myoendocarditis.Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
COVID-19
/
Heart Failure
/
Myocarditis
Type of study:
Diagnostic study
/
Prognostic study
Topics:
Long Covid
Limits:
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Clin Cardiol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Clc.23886
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