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Effectiveness of BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines against severe COVID-19 and B.1.617.2/Delta variant in India, 2021: a multi-centric hospital-based case-control study.
Bhatnagar, Tarun; Chaudhuri, Sirshendu; Ponnaiah, Manickam; Yadav, Pragya D; Sabarinathan, R; Sahay, Rima R; Ahmed, Faheem; Aswathy, S; Bhardwaj, Pankaj; Bilimale, Anil; Kumar, M Santhosh; Logaraj, M; Narlawar, Uday; Palanivel, C; Patel, Prakash; Rai, Sanjay K; Saxena, Vartika; Singh, Arvind; Thangaraj, Jeromie Wv; Agarwal, Ashwini; Alvi, Yasir; Ashok, P; Babu, Dinesh; Bahurupi, Yogesh; Bhalavi, Sangita; Behera, Priyamadhaba; Biswas, Priyanka Pandit; Charan, Jaykaran; Chauhan, Nishant Kumar; Chetak, K B; Dar, Lalit; Das, Ayan; Deepashree, R; Dhar, Minakshi; Dhodapkar, Rahul; Dipu, T S; Dudeja, Mridu; Dudhmal, Manisha; Gadepalli, Ravisekhar; Garg, Mahendra Kumar; Gayathri, A V; Goel, Akhil Dhanesh; Gowdappa, H Basavana; Guleria, Randeep; Gupta, Manoj Kumar; Islam, Farzana; Jain, Mannu; Jain, Vineet; Jawahar, M Lanord Stanley; Joshi, Rajendra.
  • Bhatnagar T; ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
  • Chaudhuri S; ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
  • Ponnaiah M; ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
  • Yadav PD; ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
  • Sabarinathan R; ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
  • Sahay RR; ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
  • Ahmed F; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
  • Aswathy S; Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India.
  • Bhardwaj P; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Bilimale A; JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.
  • Kumar MS; ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
  • Logaraj M; SRM Medical College, Chennai, India.
  • Narlawar U; Government Medical College, Nagpur, India.
  • Palanivel C; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
  • Patel P; Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, India.
  • Rai SK; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
  • Saxena V; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
  • Singh A; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
  • Thangaraj JW; ICMR-National Institute of Epidemiology, Chennai, India.
  • Agarwal A; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Alvi Y; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
  • Amoghashree; JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.
  • Ashok P; JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.
  • Babu D; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
  • Bahurupi Y; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
  • Bhalavi S; Government Medical College, Nagpur, India.
  • Behera P; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bhubaneswar, India.
  • Biswas PP; ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
  • Charan J; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Chauhan NK; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Chetak KB; JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.
  • Dar L; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
  • Das A; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
  • Deepashree R; JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.
  • Dhar M; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, India.
  • Dhodapkar R; Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.
  • Dipu TS; Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India.
  • Dudeja M; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
  • Dudhmal M; ICMR-National Institute of Virology, Pune, India.
  • Gadepalli R; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Garg MK; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Gayathri AV; Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi, India.
  • Goel AD; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Gowdappa HB; JSS Medical College, Mysuru, India.
  • Guleria R; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
  • Gupta MK; All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, India.
  • Islam F; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
  • Jain M; Surat Municipal Institute of Medical Education and Research, Surat, India.
  • Jain V; Hamdard Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, New Delhi, India.
  • Jawahar MLS; SRM Medical College, Chennai, India.
Int J Infect Dis ; 122: 693-702, 2022 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1936536
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

India introduced BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield vaccines in January 2021. We estimated the effectiveness of these vaccines against severe COVID-19 among individuals aged ≥45 years.

METHODS:

We did a multi-centric, hospital-based, case-control study between May and July 2021. Cases were severe COVID-19 patients, and controls were COVID-19 negative individuals from 11 hospitals. Vaccine effectiveness (VE) was estimated for complete (2 doses ≥ 14 days) and partial (1 dose ≥ 21 days) vaccination; interval between two vaccine doses and vaccination against the Delta variant. We used the random effects logistic regression model to calculate the adjusted odds ratios (aOR) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) after adjusting for relevant known confounders.

RESULTS:

We enrolled 1143 cases and 2541 control patients. The VE of complete vaccination was 85% (95% CI 79-89%) with AZD1222/Covishield and 71% (95% CI 57-81%) with BBV152/Covaxin. The VE was highest for 6-8 weeks between two doses of AZD1222/Covishield (94%, 95% CI 86-97%) and BBV152/Covaxin (93%, 95% CI 34-99%). The VE estimates were similar against the Delta strain and sub-lineages.

CONCLUSION:

BBV152/Covaxin and AZD1222/Covishield were effective against severe COVID-19 among the Indian population during the period of dominance of the highly transmissible Delta variant in the second wave of the pandemic. An escalation of two-dose coverage with COVID-19 vaccines is critical to reduce severe COVID-19 and further mitigate the pandemic in the country.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2022.07.033

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Influenza Vaccines / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2022.07.033