Oral contraceptives and stroke: Foes or friends.
Front Neuroendocrinol
; 67: 101016, 2022 10.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2277994
ABSTRACT
Incidents of strokes are increased in young women relative to young men, suggesting that oral contraceptive (OC) use is one of the causes of stroke among young women. Long-term exposures to the varying combinations of estrogen and progestogen found in OCs affect blood clotting, lipid and lipoprotein metabolism, endothelial function, and de novo synthesis of neurosteroids, especially brain-derived 17ß-estradiol. The latter is essential for neuroprotection, memory, sexual differentiation, synaptic transmission, and behavior. Deleterious effects of OCs may be exacerbated due to comorbidities like polycystic ovary syndrome, sickle cell anemia, COVID-19, exposures to endocrine disrupting chemicals, and conventional or electronic cigarette smoking. The goal of the current review is to revisit the available literature regarding the impact of OC use on stroke, to explain possible underlying mechanisms, and to identify gaps in our understanding to promote future research to reduce and cure stroke in OC users.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Stroke
/
Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems
/
COVID-19
Limits:
Female
/
Humans
/
Male
Language:
English
Journal:
Front Neuroendocrinol
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
J.yfrne.2022.101016
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