PARTICULARITIES OF HYPERTENSIVE PATIENTS WITH METABOLIC SYNDROME, ADMITTED FOR SARS-COV-2 INFECTION TO A CLINICAL EMERGENCY HOSPITAL

ABSTRACT

Objective: The aim of the study was to assess the clinical particularities and the lab tests in hypertensive patients with metabolic syndrome, admitted for SARSCOV2 infection. Design and method: We performed a retrospective study on 217 patients admitted to a Clinical Emergency Hospital between January 2021 and October 2021. Results: We had 217 patients admitted in internal medicine clinic for infection with SARS-COV2 virus, most of them with moderate and severe form of disease. From them, 148 patients (68.20%) had hypertension on admission and 114 patients (52.53%) had metabolic syndrome. Patients were aged between 23 and 99 (average age of 65 years). In comparison, the patients in the hypertensive subgroup were aged between 37 and 97 (average age of 70). The gender distribution was similar in the large group and hypertensive subgroup 52.07% male, 47.92% female in the large group, and 52.03% male, 47.97% female in the hypertensive subgroup. At admission, the stages of SARS-COV2 infection in patients with metabolic syndrome, according CT examination, were severe in 54.41% of cases, moderate in 27.94%, and mild in 17.64%. According the IDF definition of the metabolic syndrome, 8.33% of the patients had 5 criteria, 35.29% patients had 4 criteria, and 58.82% patients had 3 criteria of disease. Hypertension was encountered in 80.95% of patients with metabolic syndrome, obesity in 56.75% and diabetes mellitus in 52.70% of cases. As comorbidities cancer in 5.88% of patients, chronic heart failure in 26.47% of cases (72.22% NYHA II class and 27.78% NYHA III class), atherosclerosis in 55.88%, COPD in 7.35%, depression in 7.35% and dementia in 5.88% of cases. High levels of the inflammatory markers or specific lab tests were encountered CRP in 98.53% of cases, pro-calcitonin in 86.76%, ferritin 80.88%, IL-6 in 83.33%, D-dimers in 85.29%, NT-proBNP 71.92%, troponin 70.59%, LDH in 91.17%, uric acid in 11.76%. Conclusions: The most reliable comorbidity factor who predict evolution/prognosis of SARS-COV2 infection in patients with metabolic syndrome was diabetes mellitus (the levels of glycaemia and the need of high units of insulin), despite the fact that hypertension and obesity were more prevalent.