Transient and durable T cell reactivity after COVID-19.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
; 119(30): e2203659119, 2022 07 26.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1991766
ABSTRACT
This study analyzed whole blood samples (n = 56) retrieved from 30 patients at 1 to 21 (median 9) mo after verified COVID-19 to determine the polarity and duration of antigen-specific T cell reactivity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2-derived antigens. Multimeric peptides spanning the entire nucleocapsid protein triggered strikingly synchronous formation of interleukin (IL)-4, IL-12, IL-13, and IL-17 ex vivo until â¼70 d after confirmed infection, whereafter this reactivity was no longer inducible. In contrast, levels of nucleocapsid-induced IL-2 and interferon-γ remained stable and highly correlated at 3 to 21 mo after infection. Similar cytokine dynamics were observed in unvaccinated, convalescent patients using whole-blood samples stimulated with peptides spanning the N-terminal portion of the spike 1 protein. These results unravel two phases of T cell reactivity following natural COVID-19 an early, synchronous response indicating transient presence of multipolar, antigen-specific T helper (TH) cells followed by an equally synchronous and durable TH1-like reactivity reflecting long-lasting T cell memory.
Keywords
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Cytokines
/
T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer
/
SARS-CoV-2
/
COVID-19
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Pnas.2203659119
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