Risk Factor for Fear, Depression and Anxiety among Pregnant Women during the COVID-19 Pandemic

ABSTRACT

Background: Pregnant, childbirth, and postpartum women are a vulnerable population to COVID-19. Although our understanding of this disease is evolving every day, more answers are needed about the diagnosis and methods of clinical management in this group, the impact of the disease on pregnant women and newborns, and the potential for mother-to-child transmission, including anxiety and depression. Objectives: The study aims to identify factors that cause stress and depression in pregnant women during COVID-19. Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study on pregnant women. Descriptive analysis is to explore the distribution of variables using the frequency distribution test and the influence of these factors on fears, depression and anxiety in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic using Structural Equation Modelling Analysis. Results: This study found that education, comorbid factors, economy, education and pregnancy status did not affect fears, depression and anxiety in pregnant women during the COVID-19 pandemic with a p-value >0.05. Conclusion: Fears, depression and anxiety among pregnant women purely occur due to individual psychological conditions and are not influenced by the situation. Psychological strengthening for pregnant women is needed to be carried out continuously and not influenced by the COVID-19 situation in Indonesia.