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The green tea catechin EGCG provides proof-of-concept for a pan-coronavirus attachment inhibitor.
LeBlanc, Emmanuelle V; Colpitts, Che C.
  • LeBlanc EV; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada.
  • Colpitts CC; Department of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, Queen's University, Kingston, ON, K7L 3N6, Canada. che.colpitts@queensu.ca.
Sci Rep ; 12(1): 12899, 2022 07 28.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1960506
ABSTRACT
The COVID-19 pandemic caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has emphasized the serious threat to human health posed by emerging coronaviruses. Effective broadly-acting antiviral countermeasures are urgently needed to prepare for future emerging CoVs, as vaccine development is not compatible with a rapid response to a newly emerging virus. The green tea catechin, epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), has broad-spectrum antiviral activity, although its mechanisms against coronavirus (CoV) infection have remained unclear. Here, we show that EGCG prevents human and murine CoV infection and blocks the entry of lentiviral particles pseudotyped with spike proteins from bat or highly pathogenic CoVs, including SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern, in lung epithelial cells. Mechanistically, EGCG treatment reduces CoV attachment to target cell surfaces by interfering with attachment to cell-surface glycans. Heparan sulfate proteoglycans are a required attachment factor for SARS-CoV-2 and are shown here to be important in endemic HCoV-OC43 infection. We show that EGCG can compete with heparin, a heparan sulfate analog, for virion binding. Our results highlight heparan sulfate as a conserved cell attachment factor for CoVs, and demonstrate the potential for the development of pan-coronavirus attachment inhibitors, which may be useful to protect against future emerging CoVs.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Catechin / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-17088-0

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Catechin / COVID-19 Drug Treatment Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Animals / Humans Language: English Journal: Sci Rep Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: S41598-022-17088-0