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Nucleocapsid Antigenemia Is a Marker of Acute SARS-CoV-2 Infection.
Verkerke, Hans P; Damhorst, Gregory L; Graciaa, Daniel S; McLendon, Kaleb; O'Sick, William; Robichaux, Chad; Cheedarla, Narayanaiah; Potlapalli, Sindhu; Wu, Shang-Chuen; Harrington, Kristin R V; Webster, Andrew; Kraft, Colleen; Rostad, Christina A; Waggoner, Jesse J; Gandhi, Neel R; Guarner, Jeannette; Auld, Sara C; Neish, Andrew; Roback, John D; Lam, Wilbur A; Shah, N Sarita; Stowell, Sean R.
  • Verkerke HP; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Damhorst GL; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Graciaa DS; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • McLendon K; The Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care Technologies, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • O'Sick W; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Robichaux C; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Cheedarla N; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Potlapalli S; Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Wu SC; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Harrington KRV; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Webster A; Department of Pathology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
  • Kraft C; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Rostad CA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Waggoner JJ; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Gandhi NR; Department of Pediatrics and Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Guarner J; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Auld SC; The Atlanta Center for Microsystems-Engineered Point-of-Care Technologies, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Neish A; Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Roback JD; Department of Pediatrics and Center for Childhood Infections and Vaccines, Emory University School of Medicine and Children's Healthcare of Atlanta, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Lam WA; Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Shah NS; Department of Epidemiology, Emory University Rollins School of Public Health, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
  • Stowell SR; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia, USA.
J Infect Dis ; 226(9): 1577-1587, 2022 11 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1961056
ABSTRACT
Detecting severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection is essential for diagnosis, treatment, and infection control. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) fails to distinguish acute from resolved infections, as RNA is frequently detected after infectiousness. We hypothesized that nucleocapsid in blood marks acute infection with the potential to enhance isolation and treatment strategies. In a retrospective serosurvey of inpatient and outpatient encounters, we categorized samples along an infection timeline using timing of SARS-CoV-2 testing and symptomatology. Among 1860 specimens from 1607 patients, the highest levels and frequency of antigenemia were observed in samples from acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Antigenemia was higher in seronegative individuals and in those with severe disease. In our analysis, antigenemia exhibited 85.8% sensitivity and 98.6% specificity as a biomarker for acute coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Thus, antigenemia sensitively and specifically marks acute SARS-CoV-2 infection. Further study is warranted to determine whether antigenemia may aid individualized assessment of active COVID-19.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: J Infect Dis Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Infdis