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Postacute sequelae and adaptive immune responses in people with HIV recovering from SARS-COV-2 infection.
Peluso, Michael J; Spinelli, Matthew A; Deveau, Tyler-Marie; Forman, Carrie A; Munter, Sadie E; Mathur, Sujata; Tang, Alex F; Lu, Scott; Goldberg, Sarah A; Arreguin, Mireya I; Hoh, Rebecca; Tai, Viva; Chen, Jessica Y; Martinez, Enrique O; Yee, Brandon C; Chenna, Ahmed; Winslow, John W; Petropoulos, Christos J; Sette, Alessandro; Weiskopf, Daniella; Kumar, Nitasha; Lynch, Kara L; Hunt, Peter W; Durstenfeld, Matthew S; Hsue, Priscilla Y; Kelly, J Daniel; Martin, Jeffrey N; Glidden, David V; Gandhi, Monica; Deeks, Steven G; Rutishauser, Rachel L; Henrich, Timothy J.
  • Peluso MJ; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Spinelli MA; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Deveau TM; Division of Experimental Medicine.
  • Forman CA; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Munter SE; Division of Experimental Medicine.
  • Mathur S; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
  • Tang AF; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Lu S; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
  • Goldberg SA; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
  • Arreguin MI; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Hoh R; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Tai V; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Chen JY; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Martinez EO; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Yee BC; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco.
  • Chenna A; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco.
  • Winslow JW; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco.
  • Petropoulos CJ; Monogram Biosciences, South San Francisco.
  • Sette A; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI).
  • Weiskopf D; Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases and Global Public Health, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla.
  • Kumar N; Center for Infectious Disease and Vaccine Research, La Jolla Institute for Immunology (LJI).
  • Lynch KL; Division of Experimental Medicine.
  • Hunt PW; Division of Laboratory Medicine.
  • Durstenfeld MS; Division of Experimental Medicine.
  • Hsue PY; Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Kelly JD; Division of Cardiology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA.
  • Martin JN; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
  • Glidden DV; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
  • Gandhi M; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, University of California, San Francisco.
  • Deeks SG; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Rutishauser RL; Division of HIV, Infectious Diseases, and Global Medicine.
  • Henrich TJ; Division of Experimental Medicine.
AIDS ; 36(12): F7-F16, 2022 10 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2018373
ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND:

Limited data are available on the long-term clinical and immunologic consequences of SARS-CoV-2 infection in people with HIV (PWH).

METHODS:

We measured SARS-CoV-2-specific humoral and cellular responses in people with and without HIV recovering from COVID-19 ( n  = 39 and n  = 43, respectively) using binding antibody, surrogate virus neutralization, intracellular cytokine staining, and inflammatory marker assays. We identified individuals experiencing postacute sequelae of SARS-CoV-2 infection (PASC) and evaluated immunologic parameters. We used linear regression and generalized linear models to examine differences by HIV status in the magnitude of inflammatory and virus-specific antibody and T-cell responses, as well as differences in the prevalence of PASC.

RESULTS:

Among PWH, we found broadly similar SARS-CoV-2-specific antibody and T-cell responses as compared with a well matched group of HIV-negative individuals. PWH had 70% lower relative levels of SARS-CoV-2-specific memory CD8 + T cells ( P  = 0.007) and 53% higher relative levels of PD-1+ SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + T cells ( P  = 0.007). Higher CD4 + /CD8 + ratio was associated with lower PD-1 expression on SARS-CoV-2-specific CD8 + T cells (0.34-fold effect, P  = 0.02). HIV status was strongly associated with PASC (odds ratio 4.01, P  = 0.008), and levels of certain inflammatory markers (IL-6, TNF-alpha, and IP-10) were associated with persistent symptoms.

CONCLUSION:

We identified potentially important differences in SARS-CoV-2-specific CD4 + and CD8 + T cells in PWH and HIV-negative participants that might have implications for long-term immunity conferred by natural infection. HIV status strongly predicted the presence of PASC. Larger and more detailed studies of PASC in PWH are urgently needed.
Subject(s)

Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: HIV Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: AIDS Journal subject: SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS) Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: HIV Infections / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Long Covid Limits: Humans Language: English Journal: AIDS Journal subject: SINDROME DA IMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA (AIDS) Year: 2022 Document Type: Article