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The Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan was the early epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.
Worobey, Michael; Levy, Joshua I; Malpica Serrano, Lorena; Crits-Christoph, Alexander; Pekar, Jonathan E; Goldstein, Stephen A; Rasmussen, Angela L; Kraemer, Moritz U G; Newman, Chris; Koopmans, Marion P G; Suchard, Marc A; Wertheim, Joel O; Lemey, Philippe; Robertson, David L; Garry, Robert F; Holmes, Edward C; Rambaut, Andrew; Andersen, Kristian G.
  • Worobey M; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
  • Levy JI; Department of Immunology and Microbiology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
  • Malpica Serrano L; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA.
  • Crits-Christoph A; W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
  • Pekar JE; Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Graduate Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
  • Goldstein SA; Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
  • Rasmussen AL; Department of Human Genetics, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
  • Kraemer MUG; Vaccine and Infectious Disease Organization, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5E3, Canada.
  • Newman C; Center for Global Health Science and Security, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20057, USA.
  • Koopmans MPG; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3SZ, UK.
  • Suchard MA; Wildlife Conservation Research Unit, Department of Zoology, The Recanati-Kaplan Centre, University of Oxford, Oxford OX13 5QL, UK.
  • Wertheim JO; Pandemic and Disaster Preparedness Centre, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands.
  • Lemey P; Department of Viroscience, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 CE Rotterdam, Netherlands.
  • Robertson DL; Department of Biostatistics, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
  • Garry RF; Department of Human Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
  • Holmes EC; Department of Computational Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
  • Rambaut A; Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA.
  • Andersen KG; Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Transplantation, Rega Institute for Medical Research, KU Leuven, 3000 Leuven, Belgium.
Science ; 377(6609): 951-959, 2022 08 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1962061
ABSTRACT
Understanding how severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) emerged in 2019 is critical to preventing future zoonotic outbreaks before they become the next pandemic. The Huanan Seafood Wholesale Market in Wuhan, China, was identified as a likely source of cases in early reports, but later this conclusion became controversial. We show here that the earliest known COVID-19 cases from December 2019, including those without reported direct links, were geographically centered on this market. We report that live SARS-CoV-2-susceptible mammals were sold at the market in late 2019 and that within the market, SARS-CoV-2-positive environmental samples were spatially associated with vendors selling live mammals. Although there is insufficient evidence to define upstream events, and exact circumstances remain obscure, our analyses indicate that the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 occurred through the live wildlife trade in China and show that the Huanan market was the epicenter of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Seafood / Pandemics / Viral Zoonoses / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study Limits: Animals / Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Science Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Science.abp8715

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Seafood / Pandemics / Viral Zoonoses / SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Type of study: Observational study Limits: Animals / Humans Country/Region as subject: Asia Language: English Journal: Science Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Science.abp8715