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SARS-CoV-2, Placental Histopathology, Gravity of Infection and Immunopathology: Is There an Association?
Resta, Leonardo; Vimercati, Antonella; Cazzato, Gerardo; Fanelli, Margherita; Scarcella, Sara Vincenza; Ingravallo, Giuseppe; Colagrande, Anna; Sablone, Sara; Stolfa, Mary; Arezzo, Francesca; Lettini, Teresa; Rossi, Roberta.
  • Resta L; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Vimercati A; Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Cazzato G; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Fanelli M; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Scarcella SV; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Ingravallo G; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Colagrande A; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Sablone S; Section of Legal Medicine, Department of Interdisciplinary Medicine, Bari Policlinico Hospital, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Stolfa M; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Arezzo F; Section of Ginecology and Obstetrics, Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology (DIMO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Lettini T; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
  • Rossi R; Section of Pathology, Department of Emergency and Organ Transplantation (DETO), University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70124 Bari, Italy.
Viruses ; 14(6)2022 06 18.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1964107
ABSTRACT
(1)

Background:

As the pandemic months progress, more and more evidence shows that the placenta acts as a "barrier" to SARS-CoV-2, although rare cases of vertical transmission have been described. (2)

Methods:

In an attempt to investigate whether the symptoms' severity was related to different placental histological characteristics and the immune microenvironment, we subdivided 29 placentas from 29 mothers positive for SARS-CoV-2 into two groups, depending on the symptomatology (moderate/severe vs. asymptomatic/mild), performing immunohistochemical investigations for CD4 + and CD8 + T lymphocytes, as well as for CD68 + macrophage. We also evaluated the immuno-expression of the ACE2 receptor at the placental level. These two groups were compared to a control group of 28 placentas from 28 SARS-CoV-2-negative healthy mothers. (3)

Results:

The symptoms (likely to be related to viremia) were statistically significantly correlated (p < 0.05) with histopathological changes, such as maternal malperfusion, decidual arteriopathy, blood vessel thrombus of fetal relevance. Furthermore, the immuno-expression of ACE2 was significantly lower in SARS-CoV-2-positive groups vs. control group (p = 0.001). (4)

Conclusions:

There is still much to study and discover regarding the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 and histological changes in placentas and how the latter might contribute to various neonatal clinical outcomes, such as prematurity.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Female / Humans / Infant, Newborn / Pregnancy Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V14061330

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / COVID-19 Type of study: Experimental Studies / Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Limits: Female / Humans / Infant, Newborn / Pregnancy Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V14061330