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Coronaviral Infection and Interferon Response: The Virus-Host Arms Race and COVID-19.
Liu, Qi; Chi, Sensen; Dmytruk, Kostyantyn; Dmytruk, Olena; Tan, Shuai.
  • Liu Q; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
  • Chi S; Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
  • Dmytruk K; Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400010, China.
  • Dmytruk O; Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
  • Tan S; Department of Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology, Institute of Cell Biology, National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, 79005 Lviv, Ukraine.
Viruses ; 14(7)2022 06 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1964112
ABSTRACT
The recent pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has resulted in unprecedented morbidity and mortality worldwide. The host cells use a number of pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) for early detection of coronavirus infection, and timely interferon secretion is highly effective against SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, the virus has developed many strategies to delay interferon secretion and disarm cellular defense by intervening in interferon-associated signaling pathways on multiple levels. As a result, some COVID-19 patients suffered dramatic susceptibility to SARS-CoV-2 infection, while another part of the population showed only mild or no symptoms. One hypothesis suggests that functional differences in innate immune integrity could be the key to such variability. This review tries to decipher possible interactions between SARS-CoV-2 proteins and human antiviral interferon sensors. We found that SARS-CoV-2 actively interacts with PRR sensors and antiviral pathways by avoiding interferon suppression, which could result in severe COVID-19 pathogenesis. Finally, we summarize data on available antiviral pharmaceutical options that have shown potential to reduce COVID-19 morbidity and mortality in recent clinical trials.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V14071349

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Drug Treatment Type of study: Prognostic study Limits: Humans Language: English Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: V14071349