Human leukocyte antigen in COVID-19, a forgott en immune recognition mechanism: a scoping review

ABSTRACT

introduction. hla alleles play a fundamental role in the development of the immune response against viral infections. objective. Gather the information available on the association of different hla alleles with increased protection or susceptibility;furthermore, the impact on complications associated with sars-cov-2 infection. methodology. An information search was carried out in the Scopus, PubMed/Medline, lilacs and Academic Google databases that answered the research question What is the association between hla and sars-cov-2 infection and the severity of the illness? Records of clinical trials from the databases of the who International Clinical Trials Platform were included. results. It was found that the hla-a* 25 01, hla-b* 46 01 and hla-c* 01 02 alleles were associated with greater susceptibility to infection, while the hla-a* 02 01 alleles, hla-a* 24 02 and hla-b*27 07 were associated with greater severity of the disease and the alleles hla-a* 02 02, hla-b* 15 03 and hla-c* 12 03 as protective factor in covid-19. conclusions. The association between susceptibility, protection and severity with the different types of hla are mainly reported in silico analysis, and its precision is limited, requiring support based on in vitro and in vivo experimental studies and clinical trials in different populations. A greater focus is needed on the affinity of the various hla alleles by the sars-cov-2 proteome to elucidate the immunopathogenesis of the disease.