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The longitudinal association between Perceived Stress, PTSD Symptoms, and Post-Traumatic Growth during the COVID-19 Pandemic: the role of coping strategies and psychological inflexibility.
Bruno, Francesco; Vozzo, Francesca; Arcuri, Domenico; Maressa, Raffaella; La Cava, Elisabetta; Malvaso, Antonio; Lau, Chloe; Chiesi, Francesca.
  • Bruno F; Regional Neurogenetic Centre (CRN), Department of Primary Care, ASP Catanzaro, Viale A. Perugini, Lamezia Terme, CZ Italy.
  • Vozzo F; Association for Neurogenetic Research (ARN), Lamezia Terme, CZ Italy.
  • Arcuri D; Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), Lamezia Terme, Italy.
  • Maressa R; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • La Cava E; Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, Magna Graecia University of Catanzaro, Catanzaro, Italy.
  • Malvaso A; Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), Lamezia Terme, Italy.
  • Lau C; Academy of Cognitive Behavioral Sciences of Calabria (ASCoC), Lamezia Terme, Italy.
  • Chiesi F; Neurology Unit, IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy.
Curr Psychol ; : 1-16, 2022 Jul 26.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1966185
ABSTRACT
The present study investigates the mediating roles of psychological inflexibility and differential coping strategies on perceived stress and post-traumatic symptoms and growth in the context of COVID-19. Study one recruited 662 participants (54.8% women; Mage = 40.64 years, SD = 13.04) who completed a cross-sectional questionnaire. It was proposed that orientation to the problem, avoidance strategies, psychological inflexibility, and positive attitude were mediators for the positive association between perceived stress and PTSD symptoms. The fit indices for the path model were excellent CFI = 0.977, TLI = 0.950, RMSEA = 0.057 [90%CI = 0.043-0.081], and SRMS = 0.042. Gender and stressful events encountered had indirect effects on the endogenous variables. In study two, 128 participants (57.8% women; Mage = 42.30, SD = 12.08) were assessed for post-traumatic growth one year later. Psychological inflexibility and orientation acted as mediators between perceived stress and PTSD symptoms. Furthermore, a novel path model was constructed in which psychological inflexibility and orientation to the problem as mediators for perceived stress and PTSD symptoms. The indices for the path model were excellent CFI = 0.99, TLI = 0.97, RMSEA = 0.055 [90%CI = 0.001-0.144], and SRMS = 0.49. Furthermore, PTSD symptoms, psychological inflexibility, and orientation to the problem predicted post-traumatic growth. Specifically, both orientation to the problem (ß = .06 [90%CI .01;.13]) and psychological inflexibility (ß = .14 [90%CI .08;.26]) had an indirect effect on post-traumatic growth. Overall, these results significantly contribute to the literature as orientation to the problem positively predicted PTSD symptoms and post-traumatic growth one year later while psychological inflexibility predicted PTSD symptoms and less post-traumatic growth one year later. These results underline the importance of assessing both symptomology and psychological growth to determine adaptive coping strategies in specific contexts.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Language: English Journal: Curr Psychol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Type of study: Observational study / Prognostic study / Randomized controlled trials Language: English Journal: Curr Psychol Year: 2022 Document Type: Article