Cell surface SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein modulates innate and adaptive immunity.
Sci Adv
; 8(31): eabp9770, 2022 08 05.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1973775
ABSTRACT
SARS-CoV-2 nucleocapsid protein (N) induces strong antibody (Ab) and T cell responses. Although considered to be localized in the cytosol, we readily detect N on the surface of live cells. N released by SARS-CoV-2-infected cells or N-expressing transfected cells binds to neighboring cells by electrostatic high-affinity binding to heparan sulfate and heparin, but not other sulfated glycosaminoglycans. N binds with high affinity to 11 human chemokines, including CXCL12ß, whose chemotaxis of leukocytes is inhibited by N from SARS-CoV-2, SARS-CoV-1, and MERS-CoV. Anti-N Abs bound to the surface of N-expressing cells activate Fc receptor-expressing cells. Our findings indicate that cell surface N manipulates innate immunity by sequestering chemokines and can be targeted by Fc-expressing innate immune cells. This, in combination with its conserved antigenicity among human CoVs, advances its candidacy for vaccines that induce cross-reactive B and T cell immunity to SARS-CoV-2 variants and other human CoVs, including novel zoonotic strains.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
/
Variants
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Sci Adv
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
Sciadv.abp9770
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