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Ancestral SARS-CoV-2, but not Omicron, replicates less efficiently in primary pediatric nasal epithelial cells.
Zhu, Yanshan; Chew, Keng Yih; Wu, Melanie; Karawita, Anjana C; McCallum, Georgina; Steele, Lauren E; Yamamoto, Ayaho; Labzin, Larisa I; Yarlagadda, Tejasri; Khromykh, Alexander A; Wang, Xiaohui; Sng, Julian D J; Stocks, Claudia J; Xia, Yao; Kollmann, Tobias R; Martino, David; Joensuu, Merja; Meunier, Frédéric A; Balistreri, Giuseppe; Bielefeldt-Ohmann, Helle; Bowen, Asha C; Kicic, Anthony; Sly, Peter D; Spann, Kirsten M; Short, Kirsty R.
  • Zhu Y; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Chew KY; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Wu M; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Karawita AC; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • McCallum G; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Steele LE; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Yamamoto A; Child Health Research Centre, The University of Queensland, South Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Labzin LI; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Yarlagadda T; Centre for Immunology and Infection Control, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Khromykh AA; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Wang X; Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, Global Virus Network Centre of Excellence, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Sng JDJ; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Stocks CJ; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Xia Y; Institute for Molecular Bioscience, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Kollmann TR; School of Science, Edith Cowan University, Joondalup, Western Australia, Australia.
  • Martino D; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
  • Joensuu M; Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
  • Meunier FA; Wal-yan Respiratory Research Centre, Telethon Kids Institute, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
  • Balistreri G; Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Bielefeldt-Ohmann H; Australian Institute for Bioengineering and Nanotechnology, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Bowen AC; Clem Jones Centre for Ageing Dementia Research, Queensland Brain Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Kicic A; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Sly PD; School of Biomedical Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
  • Spann KM; Department of Virology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
  • Short KR; School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
PLoS Biol ; 20(8): e3001728, 2022 08.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1974223
ABSTRACT
Children typically experience more mild symptoms of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) when compared to adults. There is a strong body of evidence that children are also less susceptible to Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection with the ancestral viral isolate. However, the emergence of SARS-CoV-2 variants of concern (VOCs) has been associated with an increased number of pediatric infections. Whether this is the result of widespread adult vaccination or fundamental changes in the biology of SARS-CoV-2 remain to be determined. Here, we use primary nasal epithelial cells (NECs) from children and adults, differentiated at an air-liquid interface to show that the ancestral SARS-CoV-2 replicates to significantly lower titers in the NECs of children compared to those of adults. This was associated with a heightened antiviral response to SARS-CoV-2 in the NECs of children. Importantly, the Delta variant also replicated to significantly lower titers in the NECs of children. This trend was markedly less pronounced in the case of Omicron. It is also striking to note that, at least in terms of viral RNA, Omicron replicated better in pediatric NECs compared to both Delta and the ancestral virus. Taken together, these data show that the nasal epithelium of children supports lower infection and replication of ancestral SARS-CoV-2, although this may be changing as the virus evolves.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Child / Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS Biol Journal subject: Biology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pbio.3001728

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: SARS-CoV-2 / COVID-19 Topics: Vaccines / Variants Limits: Adult / Child / Humans Language: English Journal: PLoS Biol Journal subject: Biology Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: Journal.pbio.3001728