The Incidence of SARS-CoV-2 Reinfection in Persons With Naturally Acquired Immunity With and Without Subsequent Receipt of a Single Dose of BNT162b2 Vaccine : A Retrospective Cohort Study.
Ann Intern Med
; 175(5): 674-681, 2022 05.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1975317
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:
There is insufficient evidence regarding the magnitude and durability of protection conferred by a combined effect of naturally acquired immunity after SARS-CoV-2 infection and vaccine-induced immunity.OBJECTIVE:
To compare the incidence rate of SARS-CoV-2 reinfection in previously infected persons to that of previously infected persons who subsequently received a single dose of BNT162b2 messenger RNA vaccine.DESIGN:
A retrospective cohort study emulating a randomized controlled target trial through a series of nested trials.SETTING:
Nationally centralized database of Maccabi Healthcare Services, Israel.PARTICIPANTS:
Persons with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection who did not receive subsequent SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were compared with persons with documented SARS-CoV-2 infection who received a single dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine at least 3 months after infection. INTERVENTION Forty-one randomized controlled trials were emulated, in which 107 413 Maccabi Healthcare Services' members aged 16 years and older were eligible for at least 1 trial. MEASUREMENTS SARS-CoV-2-related outcomes of infection, symptomatic disease, hospitalization, and death, between 2 March and 13 December 2021.RESULTS:
A statistically significant decreased risk (hazard ratio, 0.18 [95% CI, 0.15 to 0.20]) for reinfection was found among persons who were previously infected and then vaccinated versus those who were previously infected but remained unvaccinated. In addition, there was a decreased risk for symptomatic disease (hazard ratio, 0.24 [CI, 0.20 to 0.29]) among previously infected and vaccinated persons compared with those who were not vaccinated after infection. No COVID-19-related mortality cases were found.LIMITATION:
Hybrid protection against non-Delta variants could not be inferred.CONCLUSION:
Persons previously infected with SARS-CoV-2 gained additional protection against reinfection and COVID-19 from a subsequent single dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine. Nonetheless, even without a subsequent vaccination, reinfection appeared relatively rare. PRIMARY FUNDING SOURCE None.
Full text:
Available
Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Main subject:
Vaccines
/
COVID-19
Type of study:
Cohort study
/
Experimental Studies
/
Observational study
/
Prognostic study
/
Randomized controlled trials
Topics:
Vaccines
/
Variants
Limits:
Humans
Language:
English
Journal:
Ann Intern Med
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
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