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Nucleocapsid and spike antibody responses following virologically confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection: an observational analysis in the Virus Watch community cohort.
Navaratnam, Annalan M D; Shrotri, Madhumita; Nguyen, Vincent; Braithwaite, Isobel; Beale, Sarah; Byrne, Thomas E; Fong, Wing Lam Erica; Fragaszy, Ellen; Geismar, Cyril; Hoskins, Susan; Kovar, Jana; Patel, Parth; Yavlinsky, Alexei; Aryee, Anna; Rodger, Alison; Hayward, Andrew C; Aldridge, Robert W.
  • Navaratnam AMD; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Shrotri M; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Nguyen V; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Braithwaite I; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Beale S; Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Byrne TE; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Fong WLE; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Fragaszy E; Department of Infectious Disease Epidemiology, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, Keppel Street, London, United Kingdom.
  • Geismar C; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Hoskins S; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Kovar J; Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Patel P; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Yavlinsky A; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Aryee A; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom.
  • Rodger A; Institute for Global Health, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Hayward AC; Institute of Epidemiology and Health Care, University College London, London, United Kingdom.
  • Aldridge RW; Institute of Health Informatics, University College London, United Kingdom. Electronic address: r.aldridge@ucl.ac.uk.
Int J Infect Dis ; 123: 104-111, 2022 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-2015445
ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES:

Seroprevalence studies can provide a measure of SARS-CoV-2 cumulative incidence, but a better understanding of spike and nucleocapsid (anti-N) antibody dynamics following infection is needed to assess the longevity of detectability.

METHODS:

Adults aged ≥18 years, from households enrolled in the Virus Watch prospective community cohort study in England and Wales, provided monthly capillary blood samples, which were tested for spike antibody and anti-N. Participants self-reported vaccination dates and past medical history. Previous polymerase chain reaction (PCR) swabs were obtained through Second Generation Surveillance System linkage data. The primary outcome variables were seropositivity and total anti-N and spike antibody levels after PCR-confirmed infection.

RESULTS:

A total of 13,802 eligible individuals provided 58,770 capillary blood samples. A total of 537 of these had a previous positive PCR-confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection within 0-269 days of antibody sample date, among them 432 (80.45%) having a positive anti-N result. Median anti-N levels peaked between days 90 and 119 after PCR results and then began to decline. There is evidence of anti-N waning from 120 days onwards, with earlier waning for females and younger age categories.

CONCLUSION:

Our findings suggest that anti-N has around 80% sensitivity for identifying previous COVID-19 infection, and the duration of detectability is affected by sex and age.
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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2022.07.053

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Full text: Available Collection: International databases Database: MEDLINE Main subject: COVID-19 Type of study: Cohort study / Diagnostic study / Observational study / Prognostic study Topics: Vaccines Limits: Adolescent / Adult / Female / Humans Language: English Journal: Int J Infect Dis Journal subject: Communicable Diseases Year: 2022 Document Type: Article Affiliation country: J.ijid.2022.07.053