Cryptococcosis in a patient with multiple myeloma receiving pomalidomide: a case report and literature review.
Ther Adv Infect Dis
; 9: 20499361221112639, 2022.
Article
in English
| MEDLINE | ID: covidwho-1997282
ABSTRACT
While overall survival with multiple myeloma (MM) has improved, patients suffer from overwhelming tumor burden, MM-associated comorbidities, and frequent relapses requiring administration of salvage therapies. As a result, this vicious cycle is often characterized by cumulative immunodeficiency stemming from a combination of disease- and treatment-related factors leading to neutropenia, T-cell deficiency, and hypogammaglobulinemia. Infectious etiologies differ based on the duration of MM and treatment-related factors, such as number of previous treatments and cumulative dose of corticosteroids. Herein, we present the case of a patient who was receiving pomalidomide without concomitant corticosteroids for MM and was later found to have cryptococcosis, as well as findings from a literature review. Most cases of cryptococcosis are reported in patients with late-stage MM, as well as those receiving novel anti-myeloma agents, such as pomalidomide, in combination with corticosteroids or following transplantation. However, it is likely cryptococcosis may be underdiagnosed in this population. Due to the cumulative immunodeficiency present in patients with MM, clinicians must be suspicious of cryptococcosis at any stage of MM.
Full text:
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Collection:
International databases
Database:
MEDLINE
Type of study:
Case report
/
Etiology study
/
Prognostic study
/
Reviews
Language:
English
Journal:
Ther Adv Infect Dis
Year:
2022
Document Type:
Article
Affiliation country:
20499361221112639
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